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Machine learning enabled dual to wideband frequency agile $$\:{\varvec{A}\varvec{l}}_{2}{\varvec{O}}_{3}\:$$ceramic-based dielectric MIMO antenna for 5G new radio applications

Scientific Reports Jayant Kumar Rai, Ajay Kumar Dwivedi, Vivek Singh et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93856-y

Abstract This article presents a dual-band to wideband Frequency Agile (FA) rectangular dielectric resonator (DR) based hybrid MIMO antenna for 5G New Radio (NR) application with connected ground. The DR is made of Al2O3 (εr = 9.8) ceramic material. The FA is achieved through the PIN Diode switches. When the PIN Diode is in an “ON” state, it provides dual bands due to the excitation of TE 111 mode. When the PIN Diode is in an “OFF” state, it provides wideband characteristics due to the excitation of TE 111 and TE 211 modes in the rectangular DR. The isolation and gain are achieved by 20 dB and 4.3 dBi, respectively. The maximum tuning range is 49.36. The MIMO performance characteristics are achieved within the allowable range. A good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results. The suggested MIMO antenna is optimized through the various ML algorithms in which Random Forest (RF) ML algorithms achieved the highest accuracy more than 99% compared to other ML algorithms for S-parameters prediction. Hence, it is suitable for 5G NR applications.

Bisphenol-S exposure of zebrafish unveils the hidden risks of bisphenol paradigm with growth, developmental, and behavioral impacts similar to bisphenol-A

Scientific Reports Divani Shanika, Gayani Rajapaksa Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-91984-z

Morphology and biomechanical index predict the rupture location and rupture risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Scientific Reports Tinghua Liu, Tao Hu, Weiting Lu et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94828-y

Modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 enhances immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma

Scientific Reports Wen Huo, Minxin Chen, Cheng Chang et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94424-0

Kinetic and mechanistic investigation of Butyl Levulinate synthesis on ZSM-5 supported phosphomolybdic acid

Scientific Reports Khwaja Alamgir Ahmad, Shariq Farhan Elahi, Hussein Znad et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-89953-7

How a PhD student’s lab size affects their chance of future academic success

Nature Humberto Basilio Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-025-00644-9

Repurposing of a gill gene regulatory program for outer-ear evolution

Nature Mathi Thiruppathy, Lauren Teubner, Ryan R. Roberts et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08577-5

Influence of homogenization and pasteurization on the physical characteristics, antioxidant properties, and microbial content of VD20 rice milk

Scientific Reports Ngoc Kim Giang Tu, Thi Kim Loan Le, Thi Yen Nhi Tran et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-88436-z

Abstract The preservation and stability of rice milk products are critical for their commercialization. This study focuses on the effects of homogenization and pasteurization on the stability and microbial safety of rice milk produced from VD20 broken rice, a variety cultivated in Go Cong, Tien Giang, Vietnam. Experiments were conducted by homogenizing the rice milk at four rotational speeds (6000, 8000, 10,000, and 12,000 rpm) for varying durations (5, 10, 15, and 20 min) and pasteurizing temperatures ranging from 80 °C to 95 °C. Homogenization was performed using an IKA T50 ULTRA-TURRAX® homogenizer, and microbial counts were determined using standard plate count methods. The optimal processing conditions were identified as homogenization at 10,000 rpm for 15 min and pasteurization at 90 °C for 15 min, which ensured microbial safety (< 10⁵ CFU/mL) while preserving antioxidant activity (DPPH: 42.35 mgAAE/mL, ABTS: 39.01 mgAAE/mL) and polyphenol content (TPC: 78.55 mgGAE/mL). These findings contribute to optimizing the production and extending the shelf life of rice milk products, thereby enhancing the value of broken rice by-products and supporting the diversification of rice-derived functional beverages.

Toward real-time margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery with hyperspectral imaging

Scientific Reports Lynn-Jade S. Jong, Dinusha Veluponnar, Freija Geldof et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94526-9

Dense-Fusion2Net a more efficient and lightweight short speech speaker recognition system with time-frequency channel attention

Scientific Reports Fei Deng, Rui Huang, Peifan Jiang et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93873-x

A new method for Tomicus classification of forest pests based on improved ResNet50 algorithm

Scientific Reports Caiyi Li, Quanyuan Xu, Ying Lu et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93407-5

A PDMS/MWCNTs RFID flexible tag with advanced resonator design for read range enhancement in IoT monitoring systems

Scientific Reports Hafsa Anam, Syed Muzahir Abbas, Iain B. Collings et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86773-7

Abstract Low-cost and passive identification systems are necessary for real time IoT (internet of things) monitoring. The paper presents a novel designed chipless RFID tag towards read range enhancement of (2.70 mm). A novel approach of array-based resonators towards real time read range enhancement is proposed in this research work with efficient performance. A mould-based solution casting technique is used for chipless tag fabrication. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used as electrodes with flexible Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The developed battery-free tag can encode 3-bits data while staying in compact dimensions of 20 × 20mm2. The single unit tag is extended to 3 × 3-array structure. The novel approach leads the tag towards RCS increment of 25.17dBsm. The tag has been extended to 5 × 5-array for Poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with silver nanoparticle-based ink radiator leading to RCS increment of 25.16dBsm. The tags read range performance is very highly reliable and stable as measured from multiple samples and is suitable for deployment in a smart sensing and IoT identification network.

Author Correction: Vitality insights of fish escaping from a sorting grid installed on a bottom trawl net

Scientific Reports Andrea Petetta, Bent Herrmann, Daniel Li Veli et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94407-1

BMAL1 attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway: evidence from vitro studies

Scientific Reports Peiming Sang, Yanyan Ma, Xie Zhang et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94029-7

Treatment of IL-10RA deficiency of pediatric patients with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease by allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Scientific Reports Yafeng Wang, Dandan Liu, Haili Gao et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-92979-6

Surface motion dynamics and swimming control of planar magnetic microswimmers

Scientific Reports Yasin Cagatay Duygu, Sangwon Lee, Austin Liu et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94078-y

Abstract Planar magnetic microswimmers offer substantial potential for in vivo biomedical applications, owing to their efficient mass production via photolithography. In this study, we demonstrate the effective control of these microswimmers using an open-loop approach in environments with minimal external disturbances. We investigate their surface motion characteristics through both theoretical modeling and experimental testing under varying magnetic field strengths and rotation frequencies, identifying regions of stable and unstable motion. Additionally, we analyze how field frequency and strength influence surface motion speed and identify the frequencies that promote stability. Open-loop control of surface motion in fluid environments and swimming in channels is also demonstrated, highlighting the operational flexibility of these microswimmers. We further demonstrate swarm motion for both swimming and surface operations, exhibiting larger-scale coordination. Our findings emphasize their potential for future applications in biomedical engineering and microrobotics, marking a step forward in the development of microscale robotic systems.

Comparative analysis of perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus based on diagnostic timing

Scientific Reports Xinyu Shu, Juan Juan, Xin Kang et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93449-9

A single-phase seven-level ANPC inverter with hybrid modulation for enhanced efficiency and harmonic performance

Scientific Reports Bisma Saif, Adil Sarwar, Mohammad Zaid et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93660-8

High proportions of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in community-acquired infections, Brazil

Scientific Reports Adriano de Souza Santos Monteiro, Márcio de Oliveira Silva, Vívian Santos Galvão et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-92549-w

Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the leading causes of bloodstream (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI), but limited data is available regarding community-acquired (CA) infections. This study characterized the clinical aspects of CA-BSI and CA-UTI caused by K. pneumoniae and the molecular features of isolates, including their resistance profiles. Sixty-five isolates (CA-BSI, n = 24; CA-UTI, n = 41) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, β-lactamase and virulence gene assessment, capsular genotyping, and molecular typing. Older age, male gender, and comorbidities, particularly kidney disease, were significantly associated with CA-BSI. The MDR and carbapenem resistance rates for K. pneumoniae from CA infections were 24.6% and 4.6%, respectively. CA-BSI isolates were more antibiotic-resistant and had a higher proportion of ESBL-producing (37.5% versus 9.8%) and MDR isolates (45.8% versus 12.2%) than CA-UTI. The bla CTX−M−like or bla KPC−like genes was found in all ESBL-producing isolates, while bla KPC−like and bla NDM−like were detected exclusively in CA-BSI strains. The isolates’ virulence profiles were similar between the groups, although one CA-BSI and two CA-UTI isolates presented hypervirulence biomarkers. A high clonal diversity was observed, with a majority of MDR (81.3%) (ST11, ST15, ST101, ST258, ST307, and ST6852) and hypervirulent (2/3) (ST23 and ST65) isolates being high-risk pandemic clones in humans. Our data highlight the high prevalence of MDR K. pneumoniae in CA infections in Brazil, with CA-BSI showing significant differences in resistance profiles compared to CA-UTI.

Paracancerous binuclear hepatocytes assessed by computer program is a novel biomarker for short term recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery

Scientific Reports Yifan Zhang, Yiquan Lu, Nan Wang et al. Mar 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90004-4