Transition from edge- to bulk-currents in the quantum Hall regime

Abstract

The integer quantum Hall effect can be observed in a two-dimensional conductor penetrated by a perpendicular magnetic field and with edges connecting the current carrying contacts. Its signature is a state of quantized Hall and simultaneously vanishing longitudinal resistances. A widely accepted model is the Landauer–Büttiker picture, which assumes an incompressible, i.e., electrically insulating bulk state surrounded by current carrying one-dimensional edge channels. This single-particle model is challenged by the screening theory. It derives that electron–electron interaction leads to a fragmentation of the Hall bar into compressible and incompressible strips, where the current flows inside the incompressible strips. Because the latter gradually shifts from the sample edges into the bulk as the magnetic field is increased, it suggests a transition from edge- to bulk-current. We present direct experimental proof of this transition. Our results support the screening theory.