Three-dimensional high-uniformity magnetic field coils optimized by an IHO algorithm

Abstract

Highly uniform-magnetic fields play a crucial role in a wide range of quantum systems. In this paper, an improved hippopotamus optimization (IHO) algorithm is introduced to optimize the structure of three-dimensional cylindrical uniform-magnetic field coils. Numerical simulations show that the IHO algorithm achieves higher solution accuracy with fewer iterations than conventional optimization algorithms. Within the proposed coil configuration, the IHO-optimized design can theoretically improve the magnetic field uniformity to the order of 10−10, resulting in improved magnetic field uniformity. We rapidly fabricated the uniform-magnetic field coil model using 3D printing and measured its performance. The measurements show that the magnetic field uniformity reaches the 10−5 level within a central region of approximately 1 cm while remaining on the order of 10−4 over a 2 cm region. These results indicate that the proposed IHO algorithm enables efficient optimization and yields coil designs with improved performance and structural simplicity, thereby offering a practical solution for quantum precision measurement and atomic spin control.