Scalable fabrication of COF membranes for aliphatic/aromatic separation of crude oil

L Li Cao (Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) S Shuhao An (Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) B Bingbing Yuan (Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) Z Zhen Li V Vasilios G. Samaras (Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) T Ting Xu X Xixiang Zhang (Material Science and Engineering Program, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) H Huabin Zhang (Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.) Z Zhiping Lai (Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.)

Abstract

Distillation has been the cornerstone of crude oil refining for more than a century, relying on boiling point differences for fractionation. Although effective, it is highly energy-intensive and lacks the precision to separate specific hydrocarbon classes. We report crystalline covalent organic framework (COF) membranes with well-defined micropores and alkyl-functionalized frameworks that combine molecular sieving with preferential affinity to enrich aliphatics. An electric field–assisted roll-to-roll process enabled scalable fabrication of continuous membranes. These COF membranes enriched aliphatics to >95% and delivered permeance orders of magnitude higher than amorphous polymers in Arabian Light crude oil. A crude oil permeance of 0.34 liters m −2 hours −1 bar −1 with >90% aliphatics enrichment was achieved using industrial-standard 1812 membrane modules, demonstrating a lower energy demand than distillation.

Article Details

Journal Science
Volume / Issue Vol. 392, Issue 6804
Published June 18, 2026
Pages 1262-1267
ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science

Journal Info

Science

American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN: 0036-8075 Social Sciences

Authors (9)

L

Li Cao

Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

S

Shuhao An

Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

B

Bingbing Yuan

Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Z

Zhen Li

V

Vasilios G. Samaras

Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

T

Ting Xu

X

Xixiang Zhang

Material Science and Engineering Program, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

H

Huabin Zhang

Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Z

Zhiping Lai

Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.