Salinity gradient energy scavenging via insoluble organic molecule electrodes

X Xia-Yue Yuan (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,) W Wei-Bin Zhang (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,) A Ashkar Batol (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,) N Nan-Sen Zhou (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,) J Juan Zhou J Jie Feng (State Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Magnetic Resonance Center) J Jun-Hu Liu (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,) X Xue-jing Ma (College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,)

Abstract

Herein, an inherently insoluble organic molecular material bis-2,3-diamino-1,4-naphthoquinone (BDANQ) is designed and synthesized. The BDANQ electrode exhibits satisfactory electrochemical performance and rapid charge transport and displays a high specific capacitance (369.33 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), better cycling stability (119.03% at 0.2 A g−1 after 1000 cycles), and a high ion diffusion coefficient 4.05 × 10−9 cm2 S−1. When combined with activated carbon electrode, the BDANQ//AC salinity gradient energy conversion device obtains a high energy density of 10.09 J g−1, generates the average power density of 443.8 mW m−2, and exhibits excellent operating stability, which provides new insights for the design of high-performance electrode materials for electrochemical conversion of salinity gradient energy.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 128, Issue 14
Published April 06, 2026
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (8)

X

Xia-Yue Yuan

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,

W

Wei-Bin Zhang

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,

A

Ashkar Batol

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,

N

Nan-Sen Zhou

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,

J

Juan Zhou

J

Jie Feng

State Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Magnetic Resonance Center

J

Jun-Hu Liu

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,

X

Xue-jing Ma

College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology , Chengdu 610059,