Roots navigate around decay regions by sensing local pH gradients

Z Zhulatai Bao (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) H Huihui Wang (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) A Ai Zhang (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) R Ruxi Gao (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) W Wen Gu (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) N Ni Fan (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.) J Jiří Friml Y Yuzhou Zhang (State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.)

Abstract

Plant tropisms enable roots to navigate complex soils by responding to directional environmental cues. Biological decay, although central to nutrient cycling, also creates microbially active and potentially hostile niches. In this work, we identified “saprotropism,” a previously unrecognized growth response that enables roots to actively bend away from decaying plant-derived matter. Fungal-driven microbial decomposition released organic acids and formed stable pH gradients in surrounding soil, allowing roots to pinpoint decay without direct contact. Root epidermal cells sensed this acidic gradient through the root meristem growth factor peptide-receptor module, converting external pH asymmetry into asymmetric abscisic acid (ABA) distribution. ABA asymmetry drove microtubule reorganization, which was decoded into decay-avoidant root bending. Together, these findings establish microbial decay–derived chemical gradients as an instructive signal for root navigation and expand the framework of microbe-soil-plant communication.

Article Details

Journal Science
Volume / Issue Vol. 393, Issue 6807
Published July 09, 2026
ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science

Journal Info

Science

American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN: 0036-8075 Social Sciences

Authors (8)

Z

Zhulatai Bao

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

H

Huihui Wang

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

A

Ai Zhang

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

R

Ruxi Gao

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

W

Wen Gu

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

N

Ni Fan

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

J

Jiří Friml

Y

Yuzhou Zhang

State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.