Remote epitaxial growth of single-crystal cesium tin bromide perovskite on germanium substrates

Y Ye Huang (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University) H Hao Wu M Miao Zhang (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing, Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science) Z Ziao Tian (State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

We demonstrate the remote epitaxial growth of single-crystal cesium tin bromide (CsSnBr3) perovskite thin films on germanium substrates through a graphene-mediated van der Waals interface. The crystallographic orientation of CsSnBr3 is precisely controlled by the substrate orientation: single-domain growth with [100] orientation on Ge(100) and dual-domain growth with 45° rotation on Ge(110). Temperature-dependent nucleation studies reveal that increasing evaporation source temperature from 600 to 750 °C promotes larger domain formation due to enhanced adatom diffusion and reduced nucleation density. The transferred CsSnBr3 films exhibit excellent photoresponse with a stable photocurrent (0.03–0.05 μA) and fast response time, demonstrating the potential of remote epitaxy for high-performance lead-free perovskite optoelectronics.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 128, Issue 14
Published April 06, 2026
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (4)

Y

Ye Huang

Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University

H

Hao Wu

M

Miao Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing, Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science

Z

Ziao Tian

State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences