Regulating the spin configuration of FeNC catalysts with CeO2 to enhance their activity and stability in PEMFCs

C Chengjie Chen R Ruizhong Chen (Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,) D Dengke Zhang (Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,) Y Yanshuo Jin (Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,) Y Ye Huang (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University) M Ming-Hsien Lee (Department of Physics, Tamkang University 2 , New Taipei 25137,) J Jian Qing (Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,) N Nan Wang H Hui Meng (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering)

Abstract

The application of FeNC catalysts has been hindered by their instability due to the demetalization of the active sites and attacks by H2O2 and superoxide radicals. In this work, CeO2 was introduced into the active sites of single atom (SA)-based FeNC catalyst as a free radical scavenger, and the FeSA/CeO2-NC catalyst showed excellent performance and stability. The half-wave potential of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on FeSA/CeO2-NC was up to 0.815 V vs RHE in acidic media with only 7% decrease after 50 000 s chronoamperometric test. The FeSA/CeO2-NC catalysts showed excellent H2-O2 fuel cell performance with a maximum peak power of 700 mW cm−2, outperforming the FeSA-NC catalyst (300 mW cm−2). DFT calculations revealed that the introduction of CeO2 resulted in a more uniform distribution of the density of states, with a bandgap significantly smaller than that of Fe-N4, thereby exhibiting superior electronic conductivity. Additionally, CeO2 effectively regulated the spin configuration of Fe-N4, transitioning from high spin to intermediate spin states, which facilitated the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates from Fe-N4. This work not only elucidated the synergistic mechanism between CeO2 and Fe-N4 sites but also provided new directions for developing non-precious metal ORR catalysts with both high activity and durability.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 127, Issue 17
Published October 23, 2025
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (9)

C

Chengjie Chen

R

Ruizhong Chen

Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,

D

Dengke Zhang

Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,

Y

Yanshuo Jin

Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,

Y

Ye Huang

Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University

M

Ming-Hsien Lee

Department of Physics, Tamkang University 2 , New Taipei 25137,

J

Jian Qing

Siyuan laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Department of Physics, Jinan University 1 , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632,

N

Nan Wang

H

Hui Meng

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering