Nonlinear transport in carbon quantum dot electronic devices: Experiment and theory

S Scott Copeland (eM-TECH Inc. 1 , Framingham, Massachusetts 01702,) S Sungguen Ryu (Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, IFISC (UIB-CSIC) 2 , Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma,) K Kazunari Imai (NAMICS North America R&D Center, DIEMAT Inc. 3 , Byfield, Massachusetts 01922,) N Nicholas Krasco (NAMICS North America R&D Center, DIEMAT Inc. 3 , Byfield, Massachusetts 01922,) Z Zhixiang Lu (State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences) D David Sanchez P Paul Czubarow (eM-TECH Inc. 1 , Framingham, Massachusetts 01702,)

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising material for electronic applications due to their easy fabrication and interesting semiconductor properties. Further, CQDs exhibit quantum confinement and charging effects, which may lead not only to improved performances but also to devices with novel functionalities. Here, we investigate the electronic transport of CQDs embedded on epoxy polymer. Our samples are coupled to interdigitated electrodes with individually addressable microelectrodes. Remarkably, the current–voltage characteristics show strongly nonlinear regimes at room temperature, ranging from Schottky diode to Coulomb blockade and even negative differential conductance (NDC) behavior. We propose a master equation theoretical framework which allows us to compute current curves that agree well with the observations. This model emphasizes the importance of interacting dots and electron traps in generating a cohesive picture that encompasses all transport regimes. Overall, our results suggest that CQDs constitute a versatile materials platform for 3D integrated electronic purposes.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 126, Issue 23
Published June 09, 2025
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (7)

S

Scott Copeland

eM-TECH Inc. 1 , Framingham, Massachusetts 01702,

S

Sungguen Ryu

Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, IFISC (UIB-CSIC) 2 , Campus Universitat Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma,

K

Kazunari Imai

NAMICS North America R&D Center, DIEMAT Inc. 3 , Byfield, Massachusetts 01922,

N

Nicholas Krasco

NAMICS North America R&D Center, DIEMAT Inc. 3 , Byfield, Massachusetts 01922,

Z

Zhixiang Lu

State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences

D

David Sanchez

P

Paul Czubarow

eM-TECH Inc. 1 , Framingham, Massachusetts 01702,