Laser-engineered oxygen-vacancy-rich CeO2/graphene heterostructures for high-performance planar micro-supercapacitors

H Hailong Shen J Jianghai Li (Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,) J Jiaheng Xu (Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Navy/Second Military Medical University) K Kaiyang Gao (Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,) S Siyi Liu Z Ziyuan Xu (Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,) X Xianqing Liang (Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,) W Wenzheng Zhou S Shuaikai Xu (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,) H Haifu Huang (Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,)

Abstract

The planar miniature supercapacitors (PMSCs) based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) are promising miniaturized energy storage systems, yet their practical deployment is constrained by low areal capacitance and energy density. Herein, we report a synergistic strategy to boost the energy storage performance of LIG PMSCs by integrating the cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanoparticles into the three-dimensional (3D) LIG framework. Laser irradiation concurrently converts polyimide (PI) to 3D graphene and introduces abundant oxygen vacancies in CeO2, enhancing redox-active sites and electron transport. The optimized LIG/CeO2 PMSCs exhibit an areal capacitance of 27.54 mF cm−2 at 2 mV s−1 and delivers energy density of 3.98 μWh cm−2. This enhancement stems from the oxygen vacancies of CeO2, CeO2–LIG π-electron orbital interactions, and strong interfacial coupling—validated by density functional theory calculations to accelerate charge storage kinetics. This work provides a scalable route to high-performance LIG-based PMSCs for miniature energy storage with improved energy density.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 128, Issue 23
Published June 08, 2026
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (10)

H

Hailong Shen

J

Jianghai Li

Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,

J

Jiaheng Xu

Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Navy/Second Military Medical University

K

Kaiyang Gao

Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,

S

Siyi Liu

Z

Ziyuan Xu

Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,

X

Xianqing Liang

Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,

W

Wenzheng Zhou

S

Shuaikai Xu

Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,

H

Haifu Huang

Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Carbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development Institute, School of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004,