Dual-mode operation of ring-shaped spin Hall magnetoresistance sensor with biaxial sensing capability

J Jiayi Xu (Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division) Y Yuxin Si (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 1 , 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117583) J Jiaqi Wang T Tingxuan Zhang (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 1 , 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117583) Z Zhenfei Hou (Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University 3 , Xi'an 71004,) Y Yihong Wu (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering)

Abstract

We present a spin Hall magnetoresistance sensor based on a NiFe/Pt multiring bridge structure, which exhibits high sensitivity and good linearity in two perpendicular directions within the sensor plane. Under DC excitation, it responds linearly to a magnetic field perpendicular to the current direction, whereas AC excitation enables a linear response with near-zero offset to a magnetic field aligned with the current direction, driven by the spin–orbit torque effect. Moreover, the AC excitation effectively mitigates low-frequency 1/f noise down to sub-μV/Hz at 1 Hz. Systematic investigations have been performed to optimize the NiFe thickness while keeping the Pt thickness at 2 nm. The biaxial sensing capability offers a promising approach for multidimensional magnetic field detection in advanced sensing applications.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 127, Issue 12
Published September 22, 2025
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (6)

J

Jiayi Xu

Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division

Y

Yuxin Si

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 1 , 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117583

J

Jiaqi Wang

T

Tingxuan Zhang

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 1 , 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117583

Z

Zhenfei Hou

Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University 3 , Xi'an 71004,

Y

Yihong Wu

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering