Carrier–phonon decoupling via annealing enhances thermoelectric performance of Bi2(Te,Se)3

X Xinxiu Cheng (State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University 1 , Xi'an 710049,) L Liqing Xu (School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2 , Chengdu 611731,) Z Zhibin Gao (State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University 1 , Xi’an 710049,) W Wei Liu Z Zhanxiang Yin (School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2 , Chengdu 611731,) X Xiangdong Ding Y Yu Xiao

Abstract

Thermoelectric cooling based on the Peltier effect requires high-performance materials near room temperature. While Bi2Te3 remains the most viable commercial thermoelectric material, n-type Bi2Te3−xSex (BTS) lags behind its p-type counterpart due to intrinsic anisotropy. In this work, Bi2Te2.6Se0.4 synthesized by melting-hot pressing followed by 100 h annealing (MT-HP-AN) at 723 K exhibits markedly improved performance. Annealing introduces cation vacancies via Te(Se) volatilization, lowering carrier density and enhancing mobility, while simultaneously increasing phonon scattering. A peak ZT of 1.06 at 373 K and an average ZT of 0.99 at 300–423 K are achieved. This MT-HP-AN approach offers a simple yet effective strategy to decouple carrier and phonon transport, advancing the potential of n-type BTS for thermoelectric cooling applications.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 127, Issue 12
Published September 22, 2025
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (7)

X

Xinxiu Cheng

State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University 1 , Xi'an 710049,

L

Liqing Xu

School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2 , Chengdu 611731,

Z

Zhibin Gao

State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University 1 , Xi’an 710049,

W

Wei Liu

Z

Zhanxiang Yin

School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2 , Chengdu 611731,

X

Xiangdong Ding

Y

Yu Xiao