All biogenic phosphors: Albumen, chlorophylls, silk fibroin toward biohybrid white light-emitting diodes

D Denice N. Feria (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) Y Yi-Cheng Huang Y Yu-Chien Tseng (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) K Kai-Tse Kao (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) T Tzu-Ming Huang (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) H Hui-Yu Chang (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) Y Yu-Chieh Kuo (Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University 2 , Keelung 202301,) Y Yen-Liang Chen (Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University 2 , Keelung 202301,) J Jan-Tian Lian (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,) T Tai-Yuan Lin (Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,)

Abstract

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) integrating natural luminophores into hybrid architectures provide promising strategies for sustainable and stable lighting solutions. However, their fundamental emission mechanisms remain insufficiently explored. In this work, we successfully fabricated biohybrid WLEDs (BioHWLEDs) via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of biophosphor heterostructures composed of chlorophyll, albumen, and silk fibroin. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) profile revealed enhanced and broadened chlorophyll emission with albumen incorporation. The albumen-chlorophyll LbL (Alb/Chl LbL) films exhibited strong PL-absorption spectral overlap indicative of the Förster-type resonant energy transfer (FRET). This mechanism was corroborated by time-resolved PL studies, obtaining an improved and quantified FRET efficiency of 52.96%. The resulting BioHWLEDs demonstrated an electrically tunable color output and further achieved near-pure white chromaticity coordinates (0.33, 0.30) after silk fibroin addition, alongside excellent operational stability. This study highlights the potential of structured biomaterials as eco-friendly phosphors for advancing tunable and solid-state lighting technologies.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 128, Issue 22
Published June 01, 2026
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (10)

D

Denice N. Feria

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

Y

Yi-Cheng Huang

Y

Yu-Chien Tseng

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

K

Kai-Tse Kao

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

T

Tzu-Ming Huang

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

H

Hui-Yu Chang

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

Y

Yu-Chieh Kuo

Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University 2 , Keelung 202301,

Y

Yen-Liang Chen

Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University 2 , Keelung 202301,

J

Jan-Tian Lian

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,

T

Tai-Yuan Lin

Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University 1 , Keelung 202301,