A tunable coincidence counter based on superconducting nanowire cryotrons

N Nai-Tao Liu (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) Q Qing-Yuan Zhao (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) Y Yang-Hui Huang (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) L Long Wang Z Zhen Liu J Jie Deng F Fan Yang S Sai-Ying Ru (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) Z Zhen-Guo Li (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) Y Yao-Yao Pan (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) Y Yu Nie S Shun-Hua Wang (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) K Kang-He Lv (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) X Xue-Cou Tu (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) X Xiao-Qing Jia (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) L La-Bao Zhang (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,) J Jian Chen L Lin Kang P Pei-Heng Wu (Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,)

Abstract

Single-photon coincidence counters are essential components in integrated quantum photonics, enabling efficient logic discrimination and real-time error correction at the chip level. However, monolithic integration at cryogenic temperature remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a coincidence counter based on superconducting nanowire cryotrons (nTron). The circuit comprises five nTron devices, including delay gates, buffer gates, and an AND gate, achieving a maximum bias margin of 22% at a bit error rate (BER) of 10−5. Operating at 1 MHz, the counter exhibits a static power consumption of 282 nW and a dynamic power consumption of approximately 2 nW at a maximum operation frequency of 17 MHz. The coincidence time window is tunable, with a minimum width below 1 ns, and its position can be adjusted via bias currents. This design offers compatibility with superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors in fabrication and operation, supporting monolithic integration for scalable quantum photonic systems.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 128, Issue 26
Published June 29, 2026
ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Applied Physics Letters

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0003-6951 Physical Sciences

Authors (19)

N

Nai-Tao Liu

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

Q

Qing-Yuan Zhao

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

Y

Yang-Hui Huang

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

L

Long Wang

Z

Zhen Liu

J

Jie Deng

F

Fan Yang

S

Sai-Ying Ru

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

Z

Zhen-Guo Li

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

Y

Yao-Yao Pan

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

Y

Yu Nie

S

Shun-Hua Wang

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

K

Kang-He Lv

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

X

Xue-Cou Tu

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

X

Xiao-Qing Jia

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

L

La-Bao Zhang

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,

J

Jian Chen

L

Lin Kang

P

Pei-Heng Wu

Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE), School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University 1 , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023,