A cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase–like scaffold organizes monoterpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis

D Di Gao (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) S Scott Galeung Alexander Mann (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) B Binbin Chen (School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.) Y Yuanwei Gou (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) C Cong Chen (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) C Chong Qiao (Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Functional Chemicals, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) J Jorge Jonathan Oswaldo Garza-Garcia (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) M Mohammadamin Shahsavarani (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) X Xiaojing Jiang (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) H Hannah Caroline Tran (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) J Jingfei Bao (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) M Mathew Bailey Richardson (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) J Jianing Li (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) J Jacob Owen Perley (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) J Jaewook Hwang (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) F Feng Dong (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) C Chang Dong (Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Functional Chemicals, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) L Lei Huang (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) V Vincenzo De Luca (Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.) Y Yajie Wang (School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.) Y Yang Qu (Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.) J Jiazhang Lian (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.)

Abstract

Biosynthesis of ~3,000 monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), including the anticancer drug vinblastine, involves the highly unstable intermediate strictosidine aglycone. Its formation by strictosidine β-glucosidase (SGD) and subsequent conversion by geissoschizine synthase (GS) occur in spatially separated compartments, representing a major biosynthesis bottleneck. Here we discover VinBLAST, a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase–like protein repurposed as a scaffold for efficient processing of this labile intermediate. VinBLAST physically mediates SGD and GS interaction in the nucleus and allosterically enhances GS catalytic efficiency. VinBLAST homologs from diverse plant families enhance biosynthesis of several representative MIAs, with the production of catharanthine increased to ~160 mg L −1 in yeast, nearly 1,000-fold higher than previous studies. Our discovery provides a missing link in organizing MIA biosynthesis and enables scalable bioproduction of geissoschizine-derived therapeutics.

Article Details

Journal Science
Volume / Issue Vol. 1, Issue 1
Published July 16, 2026
ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science

Journal Info

Science

American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN: 0036-8075 Social Sciences

Authors (22)

D

Di Gao

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

S

Scott Galeung Alexander Mann

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

B

Binbin Chen

School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.

Y

Yuanwei Gou

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

C

Cong Chen

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

C

Chong Qiao

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Functional Chemicals, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

J

Jorge Jonathan Oswaldo Garza-Garcia

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

M

Mohammadamin Shahsavarani

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

X

Xiaojing Jiang

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

H

Hannah Caroline Tran

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

J

Jingfei Bao

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

M

Mathew Bailey Richardson

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

J

Jianing Li

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

J

Jacob Owen Perley

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

J

Jaewook Hwang

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

F

Feng Dong

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

C

Chang Dong

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Functional Chemicals, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

L

Lei Huang

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

V

Vincenzo De Luca

Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.

Y

Yajie Wang

School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.

Y

Yang Qu

Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

J

Jiazhang Lian

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.