Browse Articles

Honesty threshold affects individuals’ resistance to monetary temptations

Investigating misclassification of type 1 diabetes in a population-based cohort of British Pakistanis and Bangladeshis using polygenic risk scores

Foot trajectory as a key factor for diverse gait patterns in quadruped robot locomotion

The effect of the use of omeprazole versus famotidine on the kidney transplant function: a randomized controlled study

Effects of high-intensity training on jumping performance among athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Usefulness of body composition assessment by bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in subacute post-stroke patients in rehabilitation

Major individual and regional variations in unit entrainment by oscillations of different frequencies

Direct TiH2 powder production by the reduction of TiO2 using Mg in Ar and H2 mixed gas atmosphere

Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on short-term and long-term outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting

Investigating heavy quarkonia binding in an anisotropic-dense quark-gluon plasma with topological defects in the framework of fractional non-relativistic quark model

Abstract The quark-gluon plasma analysis relies on the heavy quark potential, which is influenced by the anisotropic plasma parameter $$(\xi ),$$ ( ξ ) , temperature (t), and baryonic chemical potential (μ). Employing the generalized fractional derivative Nikiforov-Uvarov (GFD-NU) method, we solved the topologically-fractional Schrödinger equation. Two scenarios were explored: the classical model (α = β = 1) and the fractional model (α, β < 1). This allowed us to obtain the binding energy of charmonium $$(c\bar{c})$$ ( c c ¯ ) and bottomonium $$(b\bar{b})$$ ( b b ¯ ) in the 1p state. The presence of the topological defect leads to a splitting between the np and nd states. While increasing the temperature reduces the binding energy, increasing the anisotropic parameter has the opposite effect. Compared to the classical model, the fractional model yields lower binding energies. Additionally, the binding energy further decreases with increasing topological defect parameter, and the influence of the baryonic chemical potential is negligible. We also obtained the wave function for the p-state of charmonium and bottomonium. Here, increasing the anisotropic parameter shifts the wave function to higher values. Moreover, the wave function is lower in the fractional model compared to the classical model. Increasing the topological defect parameter again increases the wave function, while the baryonic chemical potential has no discernible effect.

The global, regional, and national patterns of change in the burden of bacterial pyoderma from 1990 to 2019 and the forecast for the next decade

Abstract Pyoderma, commonly known as impetigo, is a bacterial skin infection causing pus formation, prevalent globally, especially in resource-poor areas. It affects both children and adults, including those with conditions like diabetes. Despite its significant impact and economic burden, research on its global epidemiology is limited. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing pyoderma trends from 1990 to 2019 using GBD data. The study aims to analyze global trends in pyoderma epidemiology from 1990 to 2019 using GBD data. Specifically, it investigates Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASIR), Mortality Rate (ASMR), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years Rate (ASDR) across 204 countries. Additionally, it provides insights into demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing pyoderma prevalence. Furthermore, it forecasts pyoderma’s development trends for the next decade to inform public health strategies. Data were sourced from the GBD 2019 database, comprising various sources such as censuses, surveys, and registries. Estimates for pyoderma incidence, mortality, and DALYs, along with their 95% uncertainty intervals (UI), were retrieved. The Sociodemographic Index (SDI) was used to assess socioeconomic status, and statistical calculations were performed using the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit and R software (v4.3.2). From 1990 to 2019, the Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASIR) and Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) of impetigo increased, while the Age-Standardized Disability-Adjusted Life Years Rate (ASDR) declined. Significant global geographical heterogeneity persists, closely associated with the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Children under 5 and the elderly are particularly at risk, with lower SDI nations bearing higher burdens. Population growth and aging contribute to this rise, with disparities in impetigo trends persisting among countries and regions with varying SDI levels, expected to continue until 2030. Pyoderma exhibits significant heterogeneity across age, gender, and geography, with pronounced disparities evident in underdeveloped regions or countries. Therefore, prioritizing policy formulation and implementing tailored prevention and treatment strategies for high-risk populations are imperative to alleviate the disease burden effectively. Such targeted approaches are crucial in addressing the global impact of pyoderma.

Migration and plugging laws of plugging-selection balls in fine profile control process of layered waterflooding wells

Clinical features, pathological characteristics, and prognosis of patients with IgA nephropathy complicated with nephrotic syndrome

Suppression of autocorrelation artifacts in PS-OCT images based on spectral phase interpolation

Polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) system has high stability and portability. However, PM fibers may introduce different kinds of artifacts. A spectral phase interpolation method is proposed to suppress the autocorrelation artifacts in this Letter, in which the reference phase is calculated based on each A-scan signal, and the calculated reference phase is used to perform phase interpolation in the original interference signal. Experimental results from the ex vivo porcine eye demonstrate that autocorrelation artifacts in PS-OCT images can be effectively eliminated and the original image information is perfectly recovered at artifacts.

Modeling of CO2 solubility and partial pressure in blended diisopropanolamine and 2-amino-2-methylpropanol solutions via response surface methodology and artificial neural network

Field-free ultrafast magnetization reversal of a nanodevice by a chirped current pulse via spin-orbit torque

We investigate the magnetization reversal of a perpendicularly magnetized nanodevice using a chirped current pulse (CCP) via spin-orbit torques (SOTs). Our numerically simulated findings demonstrate that both the field-like (FL) and damping-like (DL) components of SOT in CCP can be efficiently utilized to induce ultrafast magnetization reversal without any symmetry-breaking means. For a wide frequency range of the CCP, the minimal current density is significantly smaller compared to the current density of conventional SOT-reversal. This ultrafast reversal is achieved due to the CCP triggering enhanced energy absorption (emission) of the magnetization from (to) the FL- and DL-components of SOT before (after) crossing over the energy barrier. We also verify the robustness of the CCP-driven magnetization reversal at room temperature. Moreover, this strategy is applicable also to induce field-free ultrafast and efficient switching of perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic (SFi) nanodevices. The minimal current density of deterministic switching of the SFi system decreases significantly with the reduction of one layer's magnetization, mainly because the SOT amplitude is inversely proportional to the saturation magnetization. Therefore, this study enriches the basic understanding of field-free SOT-reversal and provides a way to realize ultrafast SOT-MRAM devices with various free layer designs.

Dietary Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds oil supplementation augments growth performance and gut microbial composition in Labeo rohita fingerlings

Non-monotonic fluctuation of structural heterogeneity in metallic glass due to cyclic rapid heat treatment

Flash-annealing (FA) of metallic glasses (MGs) allows one to modulate their disordered structure. Here, we have flash-annealed a CuZr-based MG below the glass transition temperature at different cycles and generated MGs with various heterogeneous structures. We quantified the glassy structure via the relaxation enthalpy, ΔrelH, which did not significantly change for MGs flash-annealed at a low number of cycles. Their hardness monotonically reduced. However, when more than ten FA cycles were applied, ΔrelH, perceivably decreased, while corresponding hardness increased. High-energy x-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the medium-range ordering of the corresponding structure initially rose and then decreased with an increasing number of FA cycles. This structural change is accompanied by first a hardness decrease followed by an increase. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that throughout the shift from low to high cycles, the structural non-uniformity changed from being non-uniform to more uniform. Through a combination of experiments and simulations, we have shown the non-monotonic relationship between the structural heterogeneity of MGs and cyclic treatments, contributing to a better understanding of the relationship between structural control techniques, microstructure, and properties.

Action inflexibility and compulsive-like behavior accompany neurobiological alterations in the anterior orbitofrontal cortex and associated striatal nuclei

Quantum mode-locked Faraday laser

We report an external-cavity mode-locked semiconductor laser that uses a Faraday atomic filter as a saturable absorber (SA), termed as the quantum mode-locked Faraday laser. The unique SA exhibits nonlinear transmission characteristics exclusively in the vicinity of the atomic quantum transition frequency, which narrows down the spectral bandwidth of the mode-locked pulses to the gigahertz level and results in a central wavelength of the mode-locked pulses corresponding to the 87Rb (F=2) component of the D2 quantum transition line. Simultaneously, influenced by the slow-light effect of rubidium-dispersive vapor in the SA configuration, the fundamental repetition rate of the mode locking can vary between 261 and 228 MHz. Pulse delay tests conducted outside the resonator provide conclusive evidence of a gigahertz-bandwidth slow light within the Faraday laser. The mode-locking technique presented here can be applied to pulsed light sources of other quantum transition lines by setting appropriate atomic filter parameters. In addition, this narrow-spectrum mode-locked laser, with a tunable repetition rate and a central wavelength corresponding to a quantum transition line, has potential applications in the fields of atomic precision spectroscopy and quantum precision metrology.