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Photoinduced Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Cross-Coupling of Glycine Derivatives with Hydrocarbon Feedstocks
Influence of spousal educational disparities on intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women: a study of 30 countries
Abstract Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during pregnancy poses a serious threat to maternal health, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite these known risks, the role of spousal educational differences in IPV during pregnancy remains poorly understood. This study aimed to examine this influence, analyzing data from multiple countries across five continents. This study utilized data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) focusing on lower and LMIC countries. DHS employs two-stage sampling to gather comprehensive health data. Thirty countries from five regions were selected. Covariates like husband’s age, residence, wealth, education, husband’s working status, husband’s education, and spousal educational gap were considered. Cross-sectional survey design was considered. Chi-square test was done to find the association between IPV and covariates. Binary logistic regression was used to assess whether the independent variable is related to spousal educational disparity and other covariates of IPV during pregnancy. Out of 152,643 (weighted) pregnant women from all five continents, 8357 (weighted) experienced IPV during pregnancy. IPV is most prevalent in Papua New Guinea (17.01%; 95% CI 15.76–18.38%)), while least prevalent in Cambodia (0.99%; 95% CI 0.88–1.10%)). Overall, the IPV prevalence was (5.47%; 95% CI 5.30–5.65%)). Educational disparity and socioeconomic factors play a significant role in encountering IPV during pregnancy. This study revealed complex, region-specific effects on violence likelihood, emphasizing implications for policymakers and practitioners addressing IPV. Education disparity emerged as a significant factor; lower-educated couples exhibit increased abusive behavior.
A Cosolvent Electrolyte Boosting Electrochemical Alkynol Semihydrogenation
Research on autonomous navigation of mobile robots based on IA-DWA algorithm
Synthesis of Rigid Stepladder Polymers <i>via</i> Scandium-Catalyzed Polyspiroannulation of Quinoline with Alkyne
Identification and correction of phase delay errors for hemispherical resonator gyroscopes
Selective Protein (Post-)modifications through Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Self-activated S<sub>N</sub>Ar Reactions
Single-cell bilayer design of a terahertz six-channel metasurface for simultaneous holographic and grayscale images
Structural Basis of High-Precision Protein Ligation and Its Application
Study of endophytic fungi of Ipomoea pes-caprae reveals the superiority of in situ plant conservation over ex situ conservation from a mycological view
Effects of Cofeeding Hydrogen on Propane Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by Isolated Iron Sites Incorporated into Dealuminated BEA
A preliminary evaluation of a fast, low-cost, and high-throughput nucleic acid extraction method for bacterial microbiota profiling in low-microbial biomass samples
Abstract The respiratory tract is colonized with low-density microbial communities, which have been shown to impact human respiratory health through microbiota–host interactions. However, a lack of fast and cost-effective nucleic acid extraction method for low-microbial biomass samples hinders investigation of respiratory microbiota. Here, we performed a pilot study to assess the suitability of the NAxtra nucleic acid extraction protocol for profiling bacterial microbiota in respiratory samples. A small number of nasopharyngeal aspirate (n = 8), nasal swab (n = 8), and saliva samples (n = 8) were collected, nucleic acids were isolated using the NAxtra protocol, and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to characterize bacterial microbiota, which were compared to the same sample types from previous studies using other protocols. The bacterial composition in nasal and saliva samples were consistent with previous reports. Saliva microbiota was significantly richer than nasal microbiota and varied less among individual samples than nasal microbiota. Bacterial composition in nasal samples was distinct from nasopharyngeal aspirates, but closer to saliva samples. A sequencing depth of 50,000 reads/sample was sufficient for microbiota profiling in low biomass respiratory samples. Our pilot study indicates the potential of the NAxtra protocol for bacterial microbiota characterization of low-microbial biomass samples and supports a more comprehensive study to fully evaluate the value of the NAxtra protocol in microbiota research and clinical diagnostics of respiratory pathogens.
Glycan Sequencing Based on Glycosidase-Assisted Nanopore Sensing
Unsupervised domain adaptation teacher–student network for retinal vessel segmentation via full-resolution refined model
An Ultramicroporous Physisorbent Sustained by a Trifecta of Directional Supramolecular Interactions
Cost-effectiveness analysis of eribulin versus dacarbazine in patients with advanced liposarcoma
Dynamic Features Driven by Stochastic Collisions in a Nanopore for Precise Single-Molecule Identification
New geographic information system based sustainability metric for isolated photovoltaic systems
Abstract The integration of photovoltaic (PV) technologies is vital for achieving sustainable energy solutions in isolated systems. However, A critical challenge that remains is maintaining the sustainability of these systems under the fluctuating conditions of solar irradiance, which is key for isolated energy systems. This study hypothesizes that the sustainability of PV systems can be accurately assessed through a new metric that incorporates performance consistency, variability, and resilience, using real-time energy production data alongside GIS-based solar radiation models. By analyzing fixed PV, concentrated PV (CPV), and dual axis tracking PV (DATPV) systems over a three-year period (2017–2019), The analysis indicates that DATPV systems achieved the highest energy output, with energy ratios exceeding 300% in 2019, though this was accompanied by substantial variability in performance. Fixed PV systems demonstrated the most stable performance, with a consistency term reaching 0.93 and a sustainability score of 0.87 in 2019. CPV systems performed moderately, with a sustainability score of 0.66 in 2017. These results highlight the trade-off between energy capture and operational stability, which is critical for sustainable energy management in isolated systems.
Spatiotemporal Spectroscopy of Fast Excited-State Diffusion in 2D Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films
An improved SPWM control approach with aid of ant lion optimization for minimizing the THD in multilevel inverters
Abstract This article presents an innovative asymmetric multilevel inverter (MLI) topology that outperforms conventional counterparts. The introduced topology presents a breakthrough in implementing power electronics control by maximizing specific levels while minimizing switching components. A cutting-edge control scheme for optimal operation of the cascaded half-bridge MLI is presented. The ant lion optimization (ALO) algorithm was implemented to optimize the switching control to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and improve power quality. For verification, the performance and effectiveness of the ALO technique are assessed by comparing its results to those obtained using the simplified sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SSPWM) technique, genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in existing literature. Simulation results verified the efficacy of ALO in finding the optimal parameters. The suggested method showcases a remarkable reduction in the THD compared to SSPWM. The quality of the resulting waveform was enhanced, and both filter size and cost were significantly reduced. To meet stringent IEEE standards, an LC filter has been designed with minimal size and proper requirements. Experimental results validation of the suggested scheme, using a dSPACE R&D controller board unequivocally, confirmed its robustness and effectiveness. This groundbreaking study not only introduces a superior asymmetric MLI topology but also validates its exceptional performance through comprehensive analysis and experimentation. The experimental waveforms showed good matching with the simulation outcomes. The findings hold immense promise for advancing the field of power system control and revolutionizing the designing and implementation of efficient and cost-effective inverter systems.