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Spike reliability is cell type specific and shapes excitation and inhibition in the cortex
AbstractNeurons encode information in the highly variable spiking activity of neuronal populations, so that different repetitions of the same stimulus can generate action potentials that vary significantly in terms of the count and timing. How does spiking variability originate, and does it have a functional purpose? Leveraging large-scale intracellular electrophysiological data, we relate the spiking reliability of cortical neurons in-vitro during the intracellular injection of current resembling synaptic inputs to their morphologic, electrophysiologic, and transcriptomic classes. Our findings demonstrate that parvalbumin+ (PV) interneurons, a subclass of inhibitory neurons, show high reliability compared to other neuronal subclasses, particularly excitatory neurons. Through computational modeling, we predict that the high reliability of PV interneurons allows for strong and precise inhibition in downstream neurons, while the lower reliability of excitatory neurons allows for integrating multiple synaptic inputs leading to a spiking rate code. These findings illuminate how spiking variability in different neuronal classes affect information propagation in the brain, leading to precise inhibition and spiking rate codes.
Healthcare workers safety: a cohort study using healthcare utilisation databases on vaccination and vaccine timeliness impact against SARS-CoV-2 infection
AbstractHealthcare Workers (HCWs) are at ongoing risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, potentially contributing to its transmission. This study assessed full vaccination and vaccination timeliness impact on SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs in Italy’s Marche Region, using Healthcare Utilization Databases. We evaluated vaccination coverage and its associated factors. The cohort comprised 21,118 HCWs aged 18–70 from the region’s five Local Health Authorities (LHA), enrolled between February 2020 - May 2021. Factors associated with full vaccination were assessed using multiple logistic regression. The impact of vaccination status, time to vaccination, occupational role, age, gender, and health status on infection risk was analysed with a multiple Cox regression model, adjusting for vaccination coverage velocity, swabbing probability, and monthly intensive care unit admissions rate in each LHA. Of the cohort, 81.2% were fully vaccinated. Factors associated with full vaccination included age, role, LHA, prior infection, and health status. Vaccination reduced infection risk by 77% (95% CI: 70–82). Infection risk was higher among healthcare assistants, nurses/physiotherapists/technicians compared to physicians, among male HCWs, and it decreased as vaccination timeliness increased. Vaccination timeliness is crucial for reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among HCWs, regardless of their characteristics. This underscores the importance of efficiently organizing vaccination administration across different territories and for all HCW categories.
Targeting chromosomally unstable tumors with a selective KIF18A inhibitor
Nivolumab+AVD in Advanced-Stage Classic Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Effect of isolated compounds from Combretum trifoliatum on toxicity and detoxification enzymes in Nilaparvata lugens
Exposure of Mycobacteriodes abscessus clones to mucin affects bacterial phenotype
Neonatal intensive care admissions and exposure to satellite-derived air pollutants in the United States, 2018
Self-assembled materials with an ordered hydrophilic bilayer for high performance inverted Perovskite solar cells
When Blurry Vision Clouds the Bigger Picture
Association between the Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and the risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: a national prospective cohort study
Analysis of the mediating role of life style in the relationship between health literacy and self-rated health employing structural equation modeling
The anticancer activity of fucoidan coated selenium nanoparticles and curcumin nanoparticles against colorectal cancer lines
Reversible multivalent carrier redox exceeding intercalation capacity boundary
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Hyperleukocytosis
Association between transcription factors expression and growth patterns of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
Renal impairment as a risk factor for chemotherapy induced neutropenia in the treatment of trifluridine/thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor plus bevacizumab
Analysis of precancerous lesion-related microRNAs for early diagnosis of cervical cancer in the Thai population
Dissipative Landau-Zener tunneling in the crossover regime from weak to strong environment coupling
AbstractLandau-Zener tunneling, which describes the transition in a two-level system during a sweep through an anti-crossing, is a model applicable to a wide range of physical phenomena. Realistic quantum systems are affected by dissipation due to coupling to their environments. An important aspect of understanding such open quantum systems is the relative energy scales of the system itself and the system-environment coupling, which distinguishes the weak- and strong-coupling regimes. Using a tunable superconducting flux qubit, we observe the crossover from weak to strong coupling to the environment in Landau-Zener tunneling. Our results confirm previous theoretical studies of dissipative Landau-Zener tunneling in the weak and strong coupling limits. We devise a spin bath model that effectively captures the crossover regime. This work is relevant for understanding the role of dissipation in quantum annealing, where the system is expected to go through a cascade of Landau-Zener transitions before reaching the target state.