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Time-resolved X-ray solution scattering unveils the events leading to hemoglobin heme capture by staphylococcal IsdB
STK11 genetic alterations in metastatic EGFR mutant lung cancer
Autonomous platform for solution processing of electronic polymers
Abstract The manipulation of electronic polymers’ solid-state properties through processing is crucial in electronics and energy research. Yet, efficiently processing electronic polymer solutions into thin films with specific properties remains a formidable challenge. We introduce Polybot, an artificial intelligence (AI) driven automated material laboratory designed to autonomously explore processing pathways for achieving high-conductivity, low-defect electronic polymers films. Leveraging importance-guided Bayesian optimization, Polybot efficiently navigates a complex 7-dimensional processing space. In particular, the automated workflow and algorithms effectively explore the search space, mitigate biases, employ statistical methods to ensure data repeatability, and concurrently optimize multiple objectives with precision. The experimental campaign yields scale-up fabrication recipes, producing transparent conductive thin films with averaged conductivity exceeding 4500 S/cm. Feature importance analysis and morphological characterizations reveal key design factors. This work signifies a significant step towards transforming the manufacturing of electronic polymers, highlighting the potential of AI-driven automation in material science.
Developing decision making framework on built-up site suitability assessment for urban regeneration in the industrial cities of Eastern India
RNA methyltransferase SPOUT1/CENP-32 links mitotic spindle organization with the neurodevelopmental disorder SpADMiSS
Abstract SPOUT1/CENP-32 encodes a putative SPOUT RNA methyltransferase previously identified as a mitotic chromosome associated protein. SPOUT1/CENP-32 depletion leads to centrosome detachment from the spindle poles and chromosome misalignment. Aided by gene matching platforms, here we identify 28 individuals with neurodevelopmental delays from 21 families with bi-allelic variants in SPOUT1/CENP-32 detected by exome/genome sequencing. Zebrafish spout1/cenp-32 mutants show reduction in larval head size with concomitant apoptosis likely associated with altered cell cycle progression. In vivo complementation assays in zebrafish indicate that SPOUT1/CENP-32 missense variants identified in humans are pathogenic. Crystal structure analysis of SPOUT1/CENP-32 reveals that most disease-associated missense variants are located within the catalytic domain. Additionally, SPOUT1/CENP-32 recurrent missense variants show reduced methyltransferase activity in vitro and compromised centrosome tethering to the spindle poles in human cells. Thus, SPOUT1/CENP-32 pathogenic variants cause an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder: SpADMiSS ( SPOUT1 Associated Development delay Microcephaly Seizures Short stature) underpinned by mitotic spindle organization defects and consequent chromosome segregation errors.
Exploring rural middle school music teachers’ classroom interaction decision-making levels: A student’s perspective
Abstract This study explores students’ perceptions of rural middle school music teachers’ decision-making levels in the context of classroom interactions. Using a questionnaire survey of 246 students from a rural public middle school and follow-up interviews, we investigate students’ overall perceptions and examine differences among students of different genders, grades, and music study experiences. The results indicate that students generally perceive teachers’ decision-making levels to be slightly above average, with no significant differences between male and female students or among different grade levels in their perceptions of teacher decision-making levels. However, students with and without music study experience differ significantly in their perceptions of teacher decision-making levels. The qualitative insights gathered from the student interviews complement the quantitative findings, providing a deeper understanding of students’ perspectives on teacher decision-making in rural music education. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for enhancing the educational practices of teachers and explores effective teaching strategies in rural environments.
Supramolecular rosette intermediated homochiral double helix
Tomato yields and quality declines due to elevated soil CO2
Copy number variants and the tangential expansion of the cerebral cortex
Suture obliteration patterns in wolves and a comparison to dogs
Adaptative two-phase thermal circulation system for complex-shaped electronic device cooling
Rare earth trace element doping of extrinsic multiferroics for an energy efficient remote control of magnetic properties
The CXCL8/MAPK/hnRNP-K axis enables susceptibility to infection by EV-D68, rhinovirus, and influenza virus in vitro
Abstract Respiratory viruses pose an ongoing threat to human health with excessive cytokine secretion contributing to severe illness and mortality. However, the relationship between cytokine secretion and viral infection remains poorly understood. Here we elucidate the role of CXCL8 as an early response gene to EV-D68 infection. Silencing CXCL8 or its receptors, CXCR1/2, impedes EV-D68 replication in vitro. Upon recognition of CXCL8 by CXCR1/2, the MAPK pathway is activated, facilitating the translocation of nuclear hnRNP-K to the cytoplasm. This translocation increases the recognition of viral RNA by hnRNP-K in the cytoplasm, promoting the function of the 5′ untranslated region in the viral genome. Moreover, our investigations also reveal the importance of the CXCL8 signaling pathway in the replication of both influenza virus and rhinovirus. In summary, our findings hint that these viruses exploit the CXCL8/MAPK/hnRNP-K axis to enhance viral replication in respiratory cells in vitro.
Losing half the crown hardly affects the stem growth of a xeric southern beech population
Abstract Globally, forest ecosystems face increasing climate warming-driven stress. Crown dieback is commonly used as an indicator of declining tree vitality and is closely related to reduced stem radial growth rates. In a xeric northern Patagonian Nothofagus pumilio population, in which the majority of trees possess damaged crowns, we explored the relationship between percent crown damage and growth trends (basal area increment, BAI), interannual growth variability, and the climate sensitivity of growth. The majority of trees show stable BAI since about 1940 despite 5 to > 50% crown damage, which ranges from dieback of small branches to the presence of decades-old snagged branches. A minority of trees with more severe crown damage (> 50 to 95%) show continued growth decline during the last 80 years, but have not yet died. Crown damage was the best predictor of the BAI trend which turned negative at about 50% damage. Stronger damaged trees showed a higher growth sensitivity to summer heat and drought. Thus, the health of this population is apparently not threatened by crown damage up to 50%. Rather, trees might profit from the reduced foliage area, allowing them to stabilize their water relations and maintain stable but fairly slow growth in a drying climate.