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Dependent Infrastructure Service Disruption Mapping (DISruptionMap): A method to assess cascading service disruptions in disaster scenarios
Abstract Critical infrastructures provide essential services for our modern society. Large-scale natural hazards, such as floods or storms, can disrupt multiple critical infrastructures at once. In addition, a localized failure of one service can trigger a cascade of failures of other dependent services. This makes it challenging to anticipate and prepare adequately for direct and indirect consequences of such events. Existing methods that are spatially explicit and consider service dependencies currently lack practicality, as they require large amounts of data. To address this gap, we propose a novel method called DISruptionMap which analyzes complex disruptions to critical infrastructure services. The proposed method combines (i) spatial service models to assess direct service disruptions with (ii) a service dependency model to assess indirect (cascading) service disruptions. A fault tree-based approach is implemented, resulting in a significant decrease in the information required to set up the service dependency model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in a case study examining the impact of an extreme flood on health, transport, and power services in Cologne, Germany.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity assessment of a Turkish version of the oral and systemic health impact profile for periodontal disease (OSHIP-Perio)
Host-specific targets of Histomonas meleagridis antigens revealed by immunoprecipitation
Abstract Histomonas meleagridis, a protozoan parasite responsible for histomonosis (syn. Blackhead disease, histomoniasis), presents an increasing challenge for poultry health, particularly with the ban of licensed prophylactic and treatment options. Recent studies have explored H. meleagridis proteome, exoproteome, and surfaceome, linking molecular data to virulence and in vitro attenuation. Nevertheless, proteins involved in interactions with hosts remain largely unknown. In this study, we conducted immunoproteome analyses to identify key antigens involved in the humoral immune response of the parasite’s main hosts, turkeys and chickens. Immunogenic proteins were isolated via immunoprecipitation using sera from chickens and turkeys that were vaccinated with a single attenuated strain and challenged with virulent strains of the protozoan, respectively. Mass spectrometry identified 155 putative H. meleagridis immunogenic proteins, of which 43 were recognized by sera from both hosts. In silico antigenicity screening (VaxElan) identified 33 pan-reactive antigens, with VaxiDL further highlighting 10 as potential vaccine candidates. Comparative analysis revealed host-specific immune responses, with 16 differential immunogenic proteins in chickens (6 specific to virulent and 10 to attenuated preparations) and 19 unique proteins in turkeys, all associated with virulent strains. These results enhance our understanding of H. meleagridis immunogenic protein dynamics and host-pathogen specificities, supporting the development of improved diagnostic tools and potential protective measures against the infection.
Study of intelligent home environment system based on big data and improved k-means algorithm
Coexistence of topological nodal lines and Weyl nodes in a room-temperature half-metallic ferromagnet Cr3Si2Te6
Topological half-metallic ferromagnets, featured by topologically nontrivial states and fully spin-polarized electronic carriers at the Fermi level, are fertile playgrounds for exploring topo-spintronic applications. However, such exotic compounds are still limited. Here, we systematically study a self-intercalated van der Waals magnet Cr3Si2Te6 by combining first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that Cr3Si2Te6 is thermodynamically stable and a half-metallic ferromagnet with a Curie temperature up to 485 K, much above room temperature. Excitingly, we find that topological nodal lines and Weyl nodes coexist in the Cr3Si2Te6 bulk. Correspondingly, the Cr3Si2Te6 bulk exhibits a large anomalous Hall conductivity of 160 and 427 Ω−1 cm−1 when its magnetization is along its magnetic easy and hard axes, respectively. Moreover, its anomalous Hall conductivity can be increased to 374 (882) Ω−1 cm−1 by doping electrons (holes). Finally, we disclose that the 7-layer Cr3Si2Te6 thin film possesses half-metallic ferromagnetism with a high TC of 425 K, strong out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy energy, and large anomalous Hall conductivity. Our findings suggest that Cr3Si2Te6 is a room-temperature topological half-metallic ferromagnet, which could have promising prospects for practical applications in next-generation topo-spintronic and nanoscale electronic devices.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Knockdown of CCNB2 inhibits the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway
MoO2-modified carbon nanotablets prepared by assembly of a polyoxomolybdate precursor for enhanced microwave absorption properties
The electromagnetic wave pollution, originating from various electronic devices, has attracted widespread attention and has brought serious threats to human life. For this situation, the high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) materials are required. Herein, carbon material modified with molybdenum dioxide is designed and synthesized by carbonizing the Mo-precursor. The Mo oxide/carbide-modified carbon materials are obtained by changing the raw material ratio and carbonized temperatures. The optimal material (MO-2-750) is composed of MoO2 and carbon with uniform nanotablet-like shapes and has excellent impedance matching. The maximum reflection loss of MO-2-750 is about −59.9 dB at a thickness of 2.2 mm, which is nearly 6 times that of carbon material. The effective absorption bandwidth is in the range of 11.29–17.32 GHz. This MoO2-modified carbon material could serve as an EMA platform in the electromagnetic wave absorption fields.
The potential of the South African plant Tulbaghia Violacea Harv for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer
Difference between dynamic and hydrostatic pressure-induced phase transition behaviors of ferroelectric ceramics
PZT95/5 is a widely used ferroelectric material renowned for its exceptional ferroelectric properties, making it a crucial component in pulsed power systems and advanced devices. The phase transition behavior of ferroelectric ceramics under compression is vital for the effective design of materials and devices. The phase transition processes in these ceramics differ significantly between static and dynamic compression, presenting a long-standing controversy in the field. This study investigates the phase transition of PZT95/5 under dynamic shock compression using a shock response model. The findings indicate that the dynamic phase transition begins at lower pressures and completes at higher pressures compared to hydrostatic conditions, resulting in a broader pressure range for the phase transition. Theoretical modeling, grounded in ferroelectric and piezoelectric effects, combined with one-dimensional uniaxial stress density functional theory calculations across various orientations and three-dimensional Python visualizations, clarifies the physical mechanisms driving the progressive phase transition of ceramics under dynamic conditions. Additionally, the dynamic phase transition ratio of the ferroelectric material is quantified. Under hydrostatic pressures, the phase transition is independent of grain orientation, resulting in consistent transition pressures across all directions. In contrast, under anisotropic stress, grains with different orientations exhibit varying sensitivity to pressures, leading to distinct transition pressures in each direction. These insights advance the understanding of the phase transition mechanisms governing ferroelectric ceramics under both static and dynamic pressures.
Smug1 alleviates the reproductive toxicity of 5-FU through functioning in rRNA quality control
Transforming semitransparent organic photovoltaics into catalysts for positive emotional responses
Semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST-OPVs), due to their transparency, can be integrated into building designs through building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) to address the energy challenges posed by urbanization. While current BIPVs such as photovoltaic windows meet the criteria for both the power supply and urban esthetics, a crucial aspect remains underexplored in the existing research: the human experience under such modulated sunlight. In this study, we conduct a systematic analysis of the interaction between spectrally tunable ST-OPV materials and human cognition and emotion, proposing a framework for selecting user-friendly ST-OPVs. Our results reveal that predominant high-performance donor polymer materials negatively influence user emotions. To address this issue, we employed spectrum shaping optical structures to optimize the device transmittance and color rendering properties, to achieve desirable human emotion feedback. This groundbreaking study delves into the user experience of ST-OPV devices, playing a crucial role in addressing the energy demands of urbanization and paving the way for the realization of smart, sustainable, and healthy cities.
Combinatorial ab initio calculations and core spectroscopy unravel the electronic structure of nickel cobalt manganese oxide
Abstract The rising interest in complex oxides for energy storage applications calls for the development of efficient computational schemes that enable exploring the vast configurational space of these materials to guide and complement experiments. In this work, we adopt a high-throughput screening method based on density-functional theory to investigate the electronic-structure fingerprints of a specific stoichiometry of lithiated manganese-cobalt-nickel oxide, $$\hbox {LiNi}_{0.8}\hbox {Co}_{0.1}\hbox {Mn}_{0.1}\hbox {O}_{2}$$ , which are relevant for the identification of the material in X-ray spectroscopy experiments. After creating the candidate structures in an automated fashion, we inspect their structural characteristics and electronic properties focusing specifically on the Ni and O contributions to the density of states. To do so, we exploit data analysis schemes that provide us with a metric to classify the considered structures according to the properties of interest, including the oxidation state. Comparison with X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements confirms the robustness of the developed computational approach and reveals the most likely composition of the probed sample.
Wafer-level magnetic field biased single domain soft magnetic layers by integrated NdFeB micromagnets
Single magnetic domain soft magnetic films are the basis for many magnetic field sensing applications. The absence of magnetic domain walls reduces magnetic noise, which is relevant for magnetic sensing layers and supporting structures such as magnetic shields and flux concentrators. Here, the use of wafer-level integrated NdFeB micromagnets for on-chip field biasing of soft magnetic submicrometer thick layers for magnetic domain control is presented. Effective bias field strengths are modeled and experimentally evaluated using a magnetooptical indicator film technique. Single magnetic domain behavior in the soft magnetic layers is demonstrated. Effects of the granular micromagnet structure on the magnetic field homogeneity are discussed. The demonstrated integrated magnetic biasing scheme is applicable to various magnetic layer-based field sensing devices benefiting from single magnetic domain behavior.
Heteroatom-embedded Mellitic Triimido COFs for efficient proton conduction
Tri-band terahertz polarization reconfigurable reflective metasurface based on liquid crystal
Terahertz technology is poised to revolutionize next-generation wireless communication systems, such as 5G-A and 6G, by addressing the growing need for efficient electromagnetic wave modulation in the terahertz frequency band. In this study, we present a reflective metasurface comprising dual metal layers and a tunable liquid crystal medium, designed to achieve dynamic linear-to-circular polarization conversion. Experimental results demonstrate polarization conversion across three frequency bands: 248–254, 265–278, and 287–292 GHz. Furthermore, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP)-to-right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) switching is achieved at 248–254 and 287–292 GHz, with a stable RHCP state observed at 265–278 GHz. These findings validate the device's ability to dynamically control polarization states through applied bias voltage. By enabling precise and flexible modulation, this metasurface provides a scalable and efficient solution for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, paving the way for advanced terahertz communication systems in future wireless networks.
Association between Life’s essential 8 and mortality among individuals with hypertension
Dual-channel fiber-optic biosensors based on LSPR and SPR for the trace detection of rabies virus
In this paper, a transmissive dual-channel fiber-optic biosensor based on local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is designed for the simultaneous detection of rabies virus antibody and temperature. In the traditional dual-channel SPR sensor structure, it is necessary to coat different metal films on two channels to obtain two independent SPR signals in one probe. In this work, the dopamine hydrochloride was used to separate two resonance peaks. Sensing channel 1 is used as an immunosensing road by using the LSPR effect, coating its surface with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/IRMOF-3/thiomalic acid and adsorbing rabies virus antigens to enhance the loading of biomolecules on the surface of the sensor and the immune response. The sensing channel 2 adopts a silver film to excite the SPR effect, then the position of the SPR resonance peak is shifted back by dopamine hydrochloride, and, finally, a layer of polydimethylsiloxane is coated as a temperature sensing channel. The results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.504 nm/°C in the temperature range of 30–35 °C, and it has good temperature stability. The high sensitivity detection of rabies virus was achieved in the range of 0.1–103 pg/ml. The sensitivity and detection limit are 3.065 nm/(log(pg/ml)) and 0.234 pg/ml, respectively. It performed well in the clinical sample detection. The sensor has a good prospect in the clinical detection of rabies virus.
A class of entanglement witnesses and a realignment-like criterion
An AlN/Al<i>x</i>Ga1-<i>x</i>N/GaN graded channel HEMT with enhanced power and linearity performance
In this work, an AlN/AlxGa1-xN/GaN graded channel HEMT (AlN. GC HEMT) with enhanced power and linearity performance has been proposed. With the adoption of a strong-polarized AlN barrier and a graded AlxGa1-xN channel, a current density of 1806 mA/mm and a transconductance (Gm) gate voltage swing (GVS-Gm) of 7 V were gained. At 3.6 GHz load pull measurements with a drain voltage (VDS) of 8 V, the AlN. GC HEMT exhibited a maximum output power density (Pout) of 2.2 W/mm. Two-tone intermodulation distortion measurement further revealed an output third-order intercept point (OIP3) of 35.5 dBm and a corresponding linearity figure of merit (OIP3/PDC) of 11.2 dB. The improved performance can be attributed to the hybrid 2DEG and 3DEG distribution in the channel, where the high density 2DEG contributes to a large output capacity, and the smooth 3DEG facilitates a sustained and stable charge accumulation with bias variation. These results indicate the potential of AlN. GC HEMT in 5G applications that target high power density and high linearity.