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Phenoxazines with a Phototransferable <i>N</i> -Acetyl Group and Acrylate Linker: Assembly by C–H Activation, Photoconversion to Fluorescent Dyes, Biolabeling, and Super-Resolution Imaging
Association between recombinant human growth hormone therapy and refractive status in Korean children with idiopathic short stature: a cross-sectional study
Electronic Transport in Porous Nanocrystals Enables Ultrasensitive Consistent Detection of Sulfur Dioxide under Variable Humidity
Enhancement of antebrachiocarpal arthrodesis using a collagen–chitosan composite enriched with advanced platelet-rich fibrin in a rabbit model
Abstract Arthrodesis is a pivotal surgical intervention for achieving joint stability and alleviating pain in cases of severe joint destruction. However, attaining reliable bone fusion remains challenging, frequently requiring adjunctive biomaterials to optimize osteogenesis. The present study was designed to investigate the combined regenerative effect of a collagen–chitosan composite integrated with A-PRF on antebrachiocarpal joint arthrodesis in a rabbit model. This experimental study involved 16 clinically healthy male New Zealand White rabbits. All animals underwent surgical curettage of the antebrachiocarpal joint cartilage. The rabbits were randomly allocated into two groups: a Control group (C) and a treatment group (COL/Cs -A-PRF). Over the 12 weeks, the Col/Cs/A-PRF group demonstrated marked radiological improvement. Radial cortical thickness (RCT) increased from 0.91 ± 0.13 mm to 1.4 ± 0.05 mm ( p < 0.001). Radial bone mineral density (RBMD) progressively increased, reaching approximately 780 HU ( p = 0.0007). Intra-articular tissue mineral density increased to around 370 HU. Joint space narrowing progressed from approximately 1.0 mm to 0.3 mm ( p < 0.0001), with the fusion ratio reaching nearly 70% ( p < 0.0001). Additionally, carpal bone density increased to approximately 990 HU ( p < 0.0001). The presented findings demonstrate that the collagen–chitosan composite augmented with A-PRF significantly improves bone regeneration and joint fusion in a rabbit model of antebrachiocarpal arthrodesis, highlighting its innovative and translational potential.
Dark Side of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Biogenic Inner Membrane: Overabundance of Three Main Phospholipids on Cytoplasmic Leaflet
In vivo assessment of anti-helminthic and anti-inflammatory effects of Fucoidan on Schistosoma mansoni immature stages
Abstract Schistosoma mansoni is a major cause of schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease that induces granulomatous inflammation, fibrosis, and liver damage. Fucoidan (FUC), a sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweed, was evaluated for its anti-helminthic, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects against immature stages of S. mansoni in mice. Forty-eight CD-1 Swiss male albino mice were infected and allocated into six groups: infected untreated control, praziquantel-treated, and FUC-treated groups at 7, 21, 35, and 42 days post-infection. Treatment with FUC at 7, 21, and 35 dpi significantly reduced worm burden, granuloma size, fibrosis, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS in liver tissue. The strongest antipathological effects were observed with early-to-mid treatment, particularly FUC7, FUC21, and FUC35. In contrast, FUC42 showed weaker benefit, indicating that efficacy is timing-dependent. These findings suggest that FUC may be a promising candidate for early intervention in S. mansoni infection.
Biocatalytic Oxidative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Enables Divergent Synthesis of (−)-α-Cyclopiazonic Acid and Derived Alkaloids
Nonbonding Ammonium Stabilizing Manganese–Oxygen σ-Bond by Manipulating Spin Electrons to Regulate Enzymatic Activities
Abstract The bonding strategy cannot effectively address the inherent limitations of layered nanozymes, resulting in their failure to maintain stability within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, ammonium (NH4+)-intercalated δ-MnO2 nanozymes (N-MnO2) were constructed through the acid–base neutralization strategy. Due to interlayer van der Waals interactions, the NH4+ is stabilized in a nonbonded configuration. Significantly, nonbonding NH4+ exhibits unique electron-manipulating capabilities, enabling precise regulation of Mn 3d spin electrons from a high-spin state (t2g3eg1) to low-spin (t2g4eg0) configurations. The controlled spin-state redistribution prevents electron occupation in the eg antibonding orbitals (σ*), thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the Mn–O σ-bond and suppressing Jahn–Teller (J-T) distortions in the [MnO6] octahedra of layered MnO2. This dual nonbonding stabilization mechanism effectively resists structural disruption by endogenous glutathione (GSH, a scavenger of superoxide radicals), which can enhance the enzyme-mimetic activity. Furthermore, the nonbonding NH4+ in N-MnO2 maintains a dynamic Mn3+/Mn4+ equilibrium, endowing the nanozyme with dual catalase-like and oxidase-like activities. This can catalyze cascade enzymatic reactions (H2O2 → O2 → O2•–) to sufficiently enrich O2•–. Consequently, it is demonstrated that N-MnO2 possesses enhanced cascade catalytic performance within the complex TME for tumor-specific therapy.
FedSynHAR: a framework based on feature-enhanced adaptive pruning-mutual distillation for federated human activity recognition
Vinylene-Linked Helical Covalent Organic Frameworks
An enhanced Draco lizard optimizer for accurate parameter extraction of proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Abstract Accurate parameter extraction is crucial for the modelling of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which involves complex, non-linear, and multivariate relationships essential for simulation, design, and fault diagnostics. This paper proposes a Modified version of the Draco Lizard Optimizer (MDLO) technique to precisely extract important PEM fuel cell parameters. This hybridization aims to increase optimization efficiency by striking a balance between exploration and exploitation. The efficacy of MDLO is supported by extensive simulations that use three commercially available PEM fuel cell systems to compare its performance to that of the conventional DLO and new metaheuristic optimization approaches, which are Driving Training-Based Optimization (DTBO), Moss Growth Optimization, and Skill Optimization Algorithm (SOA). Best fitness, average fitness, worst fitness, standard deviation, convergence speed, and multiple-comparison test are among the performance indicators that are applied and measured during the course of 55 runs. According to the findings, MDLO provides the best Sum of Squared Errors (SSE) value, greater accuracy, dependability, speed of convergence, and a strong fit for the estimated primary parameters. The runs’ low and consistent SSE values—0.331348 for the 250 W, 1.1698 $$\:\times\:$$ 10 − 2 for the BCS 500 W, and 2.100246 for the NedStack PS6—provide effectiveness and robustness of the MDLO.