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The glycerol stabilized calcium phosphate cluster for rapid remineralization of tooth enamel by a water-triggered transformation
Molecular and spatial analysis of tertiary lymphoid structures in Sjogren’s syndrome
AbstractTertiary lymphoid structures play important roles in autoimmune and non-autoimmune conditions. While many of the molecular mechanisms involved in tertiary lymphoid structure formation have been identified, the cellular sources and temporal and spatial relationship remain unknown. Here we use combine single-cell RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and proteomics of minor salivary glands of patients with Sjogren’s disease and Sicca Syndrome, with ex-vivo functional studies to construct a cellular and spatial map of key components involved in the formation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures. We confirm the presence of a fibroblast cell state and identify a pericyte/mural cell state with potential immunological functions. The identification of cellular properties associated with these structures and the molecular and functional interactions identified by this analysis may provide key therapeutic cues for tertiary lymphoid structures associated conditions in autoimmunity and cancer.
A systematic review to identify research gaps in studies modeling MenB vaccinations against Neisseria infections
The genus Neisseria includes two major human pathogens: N. meningitidis causing bacterial meningitis/septicemia and N. gonorrhoeae causing gonorrhoea. Mathematical models have been used to simulate their transmission and control strategies, and the recent observation of a meningococcal B (MenB) vaccine being partially effective against gonorrhoea has led to an increased modeling interest. Here we conducted a systematic review of the literature, focusing on studies that model vaccination strategies with MenB vaccines against Neisseria incidence and antimicrobial resistance. Using journal, preprint, and grey literature repositories, we identified 52 studies that we reviewed for validity, model approaches and assumptions. Most studies showed a good quality of evidence, and the variety of approaches along with their different modeling angles, was assuring especially for gonorrhoea studies. We identified options for future research, including the combination of both meningococcal and gonococcal infections in studies to have better estimates for vaccine benefits, and the spill over of gonorrhoea infections from the heterosexual to the MSM community and vice versa. Cost-effectiveness studies looking at at-risk and the wider populations can then be used to inform vaccine policies on gonorrhoea, as they have for meningococcal disease.
Causal relationships between air pollution and common autoimmune diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Ultra-large nonlinear parameters and all-optical modulation of a transition metal dichalcogenides on silicon waveguide
Effects of three different host plants on two sex life table parameters of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda
Design and application of synthetic 17B-HSD13 substrates reveals preserved catalytic activity of protective human variants
Mms22-Rtt107 axis attenuates the DNA damage checkpoint and the stability of the Rad9 checkpoint mediator
Barriers and facilitators to implementing comprehensive sex education in Texas public schools: A qualitative study
Introduction In Texas, the adolescent birth rate is higher than the national average and STIs have steadily increased over the last decade. Sex education is not mandated in Texas and the majority of public schools provide an abstinence-based sex education. Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) programs are widely endorsed by national and global health organizations and research has shown that they are more effective in reducing poor sexual health outcomes than abstinence-based programs. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing CSE at local and state levels in Texas. Methods Qualitative study design consisting of ten semi-structured interviews with eleven key informants (n = 11) conducted in 2021. Results Three barriers- ideological opposition to CSE, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people, myths and misconceptions about CSE- and two facilitators- champions, collaboration with community stakeholders- to implementing CSE policy were identified. Conclusion Study findings provide insight into the opposition faced by sex education advocates, which often stems from myths and misperceptions of CSE content and the stigmatization of sexual and gender minoritized groups. Parents, youth, medical professionals, and academic researchers are instrumental in dispelling sex education myths and misperceptions and engaging with community stakeholders.
Metric dimension of star fan graph
Frameshift variation in the HMG-CoA reductase gene and unresponsiveness to cholesterol-lowering drugs in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Detection of exon2-MED12 mutations in uterine leiomyomas from Syrian patients
Ultra robust negative differential resistance memristor for hardware neuron circuit implementation
Wearable electrodriven switch actively delivers macromolecular drugs to fundus in non-invasive and controllable manners
Day-to-day dynamics of fetal heart rate variability to detect chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes
Background Chorioamnionitis is recognized as a major consequence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and a frequent cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The association between fetal heart rate (FHR) and chorioamnionitis remains unclear. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of FHR in a PPROM population at the approach of delivery according to the presence or absence of chorioamnionitis. Materials & methods 120 pregnant women with PPROM between 26 and 34 weeks’ gestation were enrolled in this multicenter prospective unblinded study. All participants were fully informed of the study’s objectives. 39 of the 120 patients were included in the analysis of FHR recordings. The analysis consisted of extracting features from computerized FHR analysis (cFHR) and fetal heart rate variability analysis (FHRV) in the temporal, frequency and nonlinear domains. Then, each set of features was analyzed separately using the multiple factor analysis, where three groups were defined as the feature set for days 0, -1 and -2 prior to birth. The distances between the global projection and the projections for each day were computed and used in the ROC analysis to distinguish chorioamnionitis from non-chorioamnionitis group. Results The results showed that there were significant differences in certain features between populations with and without chorioamnionitis. The distinction between the two populations reached an area under the curve (AUC) of only 37% [34–40] for cFHR features and 63% [59–66] for time-domain FHRV features when comparing all stages of chorioamnionitis to non-chorioamnionitis subjects. When only stage 3 chorioamnionitis was compared to non-chorioamnionitis patients, the AUC reached 90% [88–93] for nonlinear-domain and 84% [82–87] for time-domain FHRV features, whereas it was limited to 71% [68–74] using cFHR features. Conclusion The present study suggests that the HRV features are more reliable for diagnosing chorioamnionitis than cFHR, and that the assessment of features dynamics over several days is an interesting tool for detecting chorioamnionitis. Further study should be carried out on a larger sample to confirm these findings, improve the diagnostic performance of chorioamnionitis and help clinicians decide on delivery criteria.