Browse Articles

Pathogenic germline variants in Chinese pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients

Structural basis for transcription activation through cooperative recruitment of MntR

Author Correction: Evidence for large thermodynamic signatures of in-gap fermionic quasiparticle states in a Kondo insulator

Solvent-regulable interfacial groups enable on-demand superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic silica aerogels

Perovskite spin light-emitting diodes with simultaneously high electroluminescence dissymmetry and high external quantum efficiency

Recent genetic drift in the co-diversified gut bacterial symbionts of laboratory mice

VITAP: a high precision tool for DNA and RNA viral classification based on meta-omic data

Irreproducible SEBS wrinkling based on spin evaporation enabling identifiable artificial finger pad electronics

Author Correction: Spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome landscapes of cotton fiber during initiation and early development

Validation of blood-based detection of breast cancer highlights importance for cross-population validation

Integration of multi-omics data accelerates molecular analysis of common wheat traits

Mutations in Gordonia amarae mycolic acid biosynthetic pathway confer resistance to Patescibacteria parasite Mycosynbacter amalyticus

Iron-complex-based catalytic system for high-performance water oxidation in aqueous media

Sedimentary DNA insights into Holocene Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) populations and ecology in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

Abstract We report 156 sediment metagenomes from Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies dating back 6000 years along the Ross Sea coast, Antarctica, and identify marine and terrestrial eukaryotes, including locally occurring bird and seal species. The data reveal spatiotemporal patterns of Adélie penguin diet, including spatial patterns in consumption of cnidarians, a historically overlooked component of Adélie penguin diets. Relative proportions of Adélie penguin mitochondrial lineages detected at each colony are comparable to those previously reported from bones. Elevated levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity in upper stratigraphic samples of several active colonies are consistent with recent population growth. Moreover, the highest levels of Adélie penguin mitochondrial nucleotide diversity recovered from surface sediment layers are from the two largest colonies, indicating that sedaDNA could provide estimates for the former size of abandoned colonies. SedaDNA also reveals prior occupation of the Cape Hallett Adélie penguin colony site by southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina), demonstrating how terrestrial sedaDNA can detect faunal turnover events in Antarctica driven by past climate or sea ice conditions. Low rates of cytosine deamination indicate exceptional sedaDNA preservation within the region, suggesting there is high potential for recovering much older sedaDNA records from local Pleistocene terrestrial sediments.

Phosphorylated tau 181 and 217 are elevated in serum and muscle of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract Blood phosphorylated (p)-tau 181 and p-tau 217 have been proposed as accurate biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. However, blood p-tau 181 is also elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) without a clearly identified source. We measured serum p-tau 181 and p-tau 217 in a multicentre cohort of ALS (n = 152), AD (n = 111) cases and disease controls (n = 99) recruited from four different centres. Further, we investigated the existence of both p-tau species using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mass spectrometry (MS) in muscle biopsies of ALS cases (IHC: n = 13, MS: n = 5) and disease controls (IHC: n = 14, MS: n = 5) from one cohort. Serum p-tau 181 and p-tau 217 were higher in AD and ALS patients compared to disease controls. IHC and MS analyses revealed the presence of p-tau 181 and 217 in muscle biopsies from both ALS cases and disease controls, with ALS samples showing increased p-tau reactivity in atrophic muscle fibres. Blood p-tau species could potentially be used to diagnose both ALS and AD.

Author Correction: Spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome landscapes of cotton somatic embryos

Microbiota-derived H2S induces c-kit+ cDC1 autophagic cell death and liver inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis

Palladium-catalyzed enantioselective β-hydride elimination for the construction of remote stereocenters

A robust crystal structure prediction method to support small molecule drug development with large scale validation and blind study

Host ecology and phylogeny shape the temporal dynamics of social bee viromes

Abstract The composition of viral communities (i.e. viromes) can be dynamic and complex. Co-evolution may lead to virome host-specificity. However, eco-evolutionary factors may influence virome dynamics in wild host communities, potentially leading to disease emergence. Social bees are relevant models to address the drivers of virome composition: these important pollinators form multi-species assemblages, with high niche overlap and strong seasonality in their biotic interactions. We applied a microbial community approach to disentangle the role of host phylogeny and host ecology in shaping bee viromes, combining plant-pollinator networks with meta-transcriptomics, and small interfering RNAs as proxies for viral replication in pollinators and pollen. We identified over a hundred insect and plant viral sequences from ca. 4500 insect pollinator samples across three time points in one year. While host genetic distance drives the distribution of bee viruses, we find that plant-pollinator interactions and phenology drive plant virus communities collected by bees. This reveals the opportunities for virus spread in the bee assemblage. However, we show that transmission to multiple hosts is only realized for a fraction of insect viruses, with even fewer found to be actively replicating in multiple species, including the particularly virulent multi-host acute bee paralysis virus.