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Evaluating regulatory influences on coal mine accidents in China using a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making approach
Prediction of $$\pi$$-electronic energy and physical properties of benzenoid hydrocarbons using domination degree based entropies
Abstract This study introduces a novel approach to calculating graph entropies using topological indices, inspired by Shannon’s entropy concept. These entropies, as information-theoretic measures, are applied to evaluate the structural properties of chemical graphs. Graph theory is utilized to examine correlations between specific chemical properties and graph entropy measures. Within this framework, several physicochemical and quantum properties, including boiling point, enthalpy, molecular weight, and $$\pi$$ -electronic energy are analyzed. Certain new graph entropy measures, termed domination entropies, are introduced based on domination topological indices and computed for 29 benzenoid hydrocarbons. Additionally, a QSPR analysis is conducted to investigate the linear and multilinear relationships between these entropies and the physicochemical properties, as well as the $$\pi$$ -electronic energy of the hydrocarbons. The predictive accuracy of these new domination entropies is confirmed through various statistical tools.
Latent class analysis identifies risk groups to model the expected benefits of SARS-CoV-2 interventions among university students
Tracing the heliospheric magnetic field via anisotropic radio-wave scattering
Abstract Astrophysical radio sources are embedded in turbulent magnetised environments. In the 1 MHz sky, solar radio bursts are the brightest sources, produced by electrons travelling along magnetic field lines from the Sun through the heliosphere. We demonstrate that the magnetic field not only guides the emitting electrons, but also directs radio waves via anisotropic scattering from density irregularities in the magnetised plasma. Using multi-vantage-point type III solar radio burst observations and anisotropic radio wave propagation simulations, we show that the interplanetary field structure is encoded in the observed radio emission directivity, and that large-scale turbulent channelling of radio waves is present over large distances, even for relatively weak anisotropy in the embedded density fluctuations. Tracing the radio emission at many frequencies (distances), the effects of anisotropic scattering can be disentangled from the electron motion along the interplanetary magnetic field, and the emission source locations are unveiled. Our analysis suggests that magnetic field structures within turbulent media could be reconstructed using radio observations and is found consistent with the Parker field, offering a novel method for remotely diagnosing the large-scale field structure in the heliosphere and other astrophysical plasmas.
Genetic landscape and phenotypic spectrum of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Kazakhstani pediatric population
A functional digital model of the Dingo thermal neutron imaging beamline
Impact of age, sex, body constitution, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical fitness of 38,084 German primary school children
Abstract Physical fitness (PF) is a vital health indicator, but many children do not meet the WHO physical activity guidelines. Low PF in children raises the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and negatively impacts their quality of life, a situation amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses data from 38,084 German third-graders (7.8 to 9.4 years) across seven cohorts (school years 2017/18–2023/24) who participated in a statewide fitness evaluation program in the Federal State of Thuringia. We aimed to examine age, sex, and pandemic effects on endurance (6-minute run), coordination (star run), speed (20-meter linear sprint), lower limb power (powerLOW; standing long jump), upper limb power (powerUP; ball-push test), and static balance (one-legged stance with eyes closed). Data on height and mass was incorporated to clarify the task-specific impact of the body mass index (BMI) on performance. Our results corroborated reported age and sex effects, demonstrating linear development across the age range for all tests, and in static balance only, girls scored higher than boys. The relationship between BMI and task-specific performance revealed an inverted U-shaped function in weight-bearing tests (first four). Functions were steeper for boys than girls, implying a stronger BMI impact on performance for boys. BMI and age interaction suggest that being overweight may limit age-related performance benefits. Negative pandemic declines in endurance, coordination, powerLOW, and powerUP were more pronounced in “fitter” schools. In conclusion, task-specific performances should be interpreted considering age, sex, and body constitution. Pandemic-related performance declines emphasize the role of access to physical activity resources for all children.
Tokay geckos adjust their behaviour based on handler familiarity but according to context
Content-based image retrieval assists radiologists in diagnosing eye and orbital mass lesions in MRI
Abstract Diagnosing eye and orbit pathologies through radiological imaging presents considerable challenges due to their low prevalence, the extensive range of possible conditions, and their variable presentations, necessitating substantial domain-specific expertise. This study evaluates whether a ML-based content-based image retrieval (CBIR) tool, combined with a curated database of orbital MRI cases with verified diagnoses, can enhance diagnostic accuracy and reduce reading time for radiologists diagnosing eye and orbital pathologies. It explores whether this tool alone, or in combination with status quo reference tools (e.g. Radiopaedia.org, StatDx) provides these benefits. In a multi-reader, multi-case study involving 36 radiologists and 48 retrospective orbital MRI cases, participants diagnosed eight cases: four using status quo reference tools and four with the addition of the CBIR tool. Analysis using linear mixed-effects models revealed significant improvements in diagnostic accuracy when using the CBIR tool alone (55.88% vs. 70.59%, p = 0.03, odds ratio = 2.07) and an even greater improvement when used alongside status quo tools (55.88% vs. 83.33%, p = 0.02, odds ratio = 3.65). Reading time decreased when using the CBIR tool alone (334 s vs. 236 s, p < 0.001) but increased when used in conjunction with status quo tools (334 s vs. 396 s, p < 0.001). These findings indicate that CBIR tools can significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy for eye and orbit diagnostics, though their impact on reading time varies.
Characterization and optimization of azo dyes degrading microbes isolated from textile effluent
An ensemble learning model to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer
Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts all-cause mortality in adults with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease
Abstract Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases worldwide. While serum uric acid (SUA) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) are individually associated with the development of MASLD, the prognostic effect of the UA, HDL and SUA-to-HDL ratio (UHR) on the all-cause mortality of MASLD patients remains unexplored. This study utilized data from 4280 MASLD patients in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. UHR was calculated by dividing SUA by HDL, and its association with all-cause mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Adjustments were made for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. A one-standard-deviation increase in UA or UHR was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08–1.31, P < 0.001) or 18% (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.07–1.30; P < 0.001) higher risk of all-cause mortality of MASLD participants respectively, while no association was found between HDL and mortality. SUA and UHR are promising predictors of all-cause mortality in MASLD patients, offering clinicians a valuable biomarker for related risk stratification. Its inclusion in clinical assessments could guide interventions and improve prognosis, advancing management for MASLD patients.