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Machine tool FEM model correction assisted by dynamic evolution sequence
I+Ve got a question: how long should we treat relapsed CLL?
The cell-division cycle is faster in cell types prone to forming cancer
Health inequity: Possibilities of initiating pulmonary telerehabilitation programs for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders in conflict and low-resourced areas; A mixed-method phenomenological study
Objective The “triple problems of COPD”—underdiagnosis, underrecognition, and underdevelopment of pulmonary rehabilitation programs—are global. Pulmonary telerehabilitation (PTR) may solve these problems. This study aims to explore the possibility of launching PTR programs for adults in an area of conflict and low resources. Methods A mixed methods convergent design was used to understand outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) unavailability. The medical records of 70 patients with COPD in the Ministry of Health (MoH) chest unit were analysed quantitatively. thirteen patients who received in-hospital physiotherapy were questioned via a structured and validated questionnaire, and 12 healthcare professionals (HCPs) were interviewed. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively, and inferentially by the SPSS, outlining the means, standard deviations and percentages, and the chi-square, respectively. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically using the NVivo software, and five themes and 25 subthemes were identified. A thematic framework and triangulation model were depicted accordingly. Results Seventy patients with a mean age of 65.3 ± 1.65 years and a mean hospital stay of 4.89 ± 0.392 days were managed with no admission, Physiotherapy (PT) referral, or discharge criteria. Patients reported needing outpatient PR (4.38 ± 1.193) and a willingness to adopt (3.77 ± .832). Interviews with HCP highlighted the environmental and professional challenges, opportunities, and PTR traits. Quantitative and qualitative data triangulation led to the COPD Sequential Triad (CST) theory. Conclusion This study identified the national, institutional, and professional challenges and opportunities of launching PTR programs in conflict and low-resourced areas, including the conflict’s consequences, insufficient resources, and absence of a structured healthcare system and clinical practice guidelines. Promoting health equity in such areas necessitates that the international community and institutions isolate the healthcare sector from conflicts and apply more effective strategies. The study also illustrated the characteristics of the intended PTR programs, including mHealth, therapeutic devices, and hybrid programs along with supporting professional organizations’ guidelines.
The impact of personality traits and the mediating role of self-efficacy and self-control on criminogenic behavior among Romanian inmates: a psychological perspective
Exploring the ABO-VTE connection
Different paths, same destination, yet diverse effects: Antecedent configurations and performance implications of digital transformation in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises——Evidence from Chinese listed companies
The empowerment of the real economy through digital technology has emerged as a crucial force in driving enterprises toward high-quality development. Identifying effective strategies to accelerate the digital transformation of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises is essential for their upgrading and sustainable growth. This study adopts a configurational perspective, drawing on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theoretical framework. It integrates fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and propensity score matching (PSM) to explore the driving pathways of digital transformation in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises and further analyzes how distinct configurations influence firm performance. The research findings reveal three pathways to achieving a high level of digital transformation: “opportunity-perception”, “predatory-competition”, and “innovation-fueled”. However, there is significant variability in the impact of these three pathways on firm performance. These pathways collectively exemplify the concept of “different paths, same destination, yet diverse effects”. Sample enterprises exhibit inadequate investment in digital technology innovation; enterprise size, executives’ risk appetite and government support intensity emerge as significant facilitators of the digital transformation process within pharmaceutical manufacturing firms, while technological integration capabilities positively enhance the effectiveness of this transformation; An overreliance on the external environment will constrain the innovation autonomy of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises during digital transformation and hinder the scale effects of these enterprises. The conclusion offers pragmatic guidance for pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises without digital technology innovation capabilities to select suitable digital transformation strategies to enhance enterprise performance.
Application of FOCUS-PDCA cycle in enhancing the standardization of emergency collaboration among thoracic surgery nurses
Primary myelofibrosis involving lymph nodes with the same mutational profile in bone marrow
Saliva urea nitrogen for detection of kidney disease in adults: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy
Background Kidney disease affects millions globally, especially in low and middle-income countries where access to diagnostic testing is limited. Saliva urea nitrogen (SUN) has been proposed as a simple, non-invasive alternative to traditional serum-based diagnostics. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SUN for detecting kidney disease in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods This review adhered to the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. A comprehensive search of five databases was conducted without language or date restrictions. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. STATA version 17 was used for analysis. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios (DOR). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the reference test used (serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and meta-regression explored sources of heterogeneity. Results Seven studies (n = 1,933) met the inclusion criteria. In the serum creatinine (sCr) subgroup (2 studies), SUN showed pooled sensitivity of 0.44 (95% CI: 0.38–0.49), specificity 0.96 (95% CI: 0.95–0.98), DOR 18.89 (95% CI: 15.19–23.57), and AUC ~ 0.90. In the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) subgroup (5 studies), sensitivity was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.69–0.91), specificity 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78–0.94), DOR 37 (95% CI: 15–91), and AUC 0.93. Heterogeneity was moderate in the BUN subgroup (bivariate I² = 51%), with 42% of variability attributed to threshold effects. Meta-regression identified study country (p = 0.01), and reference test used (p = 0.02) as contributors to heterogeneity in sensitivity, while comorbidity (p = 0.001) significantly affected specificity. Conclusion SUN shows high diagnostic specificity and a good overall accuracy, particularly when compared to BUN, and may serve as a practical non-invasive screening tool in low- resource settings. While heterogeneity was present, SUN remains a promising diagnostic alternative and warrants further validation in diverse clinical populations.
Seismic wave reflection characteristics and wave-induced fluid flow in unsaturated porous solid
Precision medicine for high-risk gene fusions in pediatric AML: a focus on <i>KMT2A</i>, <i>NUP98</i>, and <i>GLIS2</i> rearrangements
Abstract Robust genetic characterization of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has demonstrated that fusion oncogenes are highly prevalent drivers of AML leukemogenesis in young children. Identification of fusion oncogenes associated with adverse outcomes has facilitated risk stratification of patients, although successful development of precision medicine approaches for most fusion-driven AML subtypes have been historically challenging. This knowledge gap has been in part due to difficulties in targeting structural alterations involving transcription factors and in identification of a therapeutic window for selective inhibition of the oncofusion without deleterious effects upon essential wild-type proteins. Herein, we discuss the current molecular landscape and functional characterization of 3 of the most lethal childhood AML fusion-oncogene driven subtypes harboring KMT2A, NUP98, or CBFA2T3::GLIS2 rearrangements. We further review early-phase clinical trial data of novel targeted inhibitors and immunotherapies that have demonstrated initial success specifically for children with these poor-prognosis genetic subtypes of AML and provide appreciable optimism to improve clinical outcomes in the future.
AI powered ELT: Instructors’ transformative roles and opportunities
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education is reshaping English language teaching (ELT), redefining the ‘assistant’ function of technology and the ‘interaction’ roles of language instructors. This study specifically investigates instructors’ roles in AI-powered learning environment and its benefits for ELT. It develops a conceptual framework for AI powered ELT. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered through online focus group discussions with 22 instructors from different regions. The thematic analysis revealed that AI empowers ELT by enabling personalized teaching, mono-active language practice, increased productivity, automated feedback and assessment, and adaptive material creation. Additionally, instructors assume four key roles: evolving facilitators, blended role practitioners, flexible material designers, and creative prompters. These transformations reflect a departure from the assistant function and the facilitator roles cantered on human interaction to more mono-active roles aligned with AI-powered innovations. The study highlights the necessity for ELT to embrace these new roles to effectively navigate the evolving dynamics of ELT in the different region in the AI era. Acknowledging its qualitative limited scope, the study recommends further broader research on these transformations with specific attention to language skills.
Mycosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Mucor racemosus with their antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer and antioxidant activities
Unveiling the enigma: circulating flowerlike large B-lymphoma cells in the context of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
The complex impact of China’s science and technology talent policies on key core technologies R&D
Key core technologies have become the focal point of global technological competition. For latecomer countries, formulating effective science and technology talent policies to stimulate researchers’ motivation and innovation potential is crucial for mastering these key technologies. This study uses a sample of 1363 publicly listed enterprises in China from 2011 to 2023 to investigate the impact of science and technology talent policies on key core technologies R&D in enterprises. The findings are as follows: (1) Science and technology talent policies significantly promote key core technologies R&D; however, their impact is stronger on non-key core technologies R&D and utility model R&D than on key core technologies R&D. Further study found that non-key core technologies R&D and utility model R&D have a crowding-out effect on key core technologies R&D to a certain extent, and the effect of the former is stronger than that of the latter. (2) As the intensity of policy support increases, its impact on key core technologies R&D also strengthens. Moreover, policies related to talent subsidies, innovation incentives, talent introduction, and high-level talent innovation support all facilitate key core technologies R&D, although the effects vary across these policy types. Moreover, there is no interaction between talent subsidies and innovation incentives, or between talent subsidies and high-level talent innovation support, but there is an offsetting effect between the other policies. (3) The positive impact of science and technology talent policies exhibits a time lag, generally ranging from 4 to 5 years. During this lag period, the effect on the number of patent declines by 8.475% to 28.283%, while the impact on the number of citations of patents decreases by 55.696% to 73.214%. (4) The significant promotional effect of science and technology talent policies is most pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and those with high R&D investment, but such policies do not have a notable impact on state-owned enterprises or those with low R&D investment. The study demonstrates that latecomer countries can effectively promote key core technologies R&D by designing science and technology talent policies. Based on these findings, recommendations are made to enhance the support intensity of talent policies, optimize the synergistic effects of these policies, extend the duration of policy support, and implement differentiated measures for policy execution.
Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
Targeting caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase, a novel contributor to the pathobiology of high-risk multiple myeloma
Abstract Plasma cell dyscrasias encompass a spectrum from the precursors monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma to symptomatic myeloma, but the genes that enable progression and confer poor prognosis are incompletely understood. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identified the caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit (CLPP), a key component of the mitochondrial caseinolytic protease (CLP) serine endopeptidase, as being overexpressed in CD138+ neoplastic vs normal and in symptomatic vs precursor plasma cells. Its high expression was associated with an adverse prognosis across multiple molecularly defined subgroups in the newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory settings and with extramedullary disease. Pharmacologic CLPP inhibition and genetic suppression reduced organoid growth, cell viability, and cell cycle progression, and triggering an unfolded protein response and apoptosis. This occurred in association with mitochondrial transmembrane potential loss and caspase and proteasome activation in a reactive oxygen species–dependent manner. Downstream consequences included autophagy and mitophagy induction and reductions in oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis with consequent compromise of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. CLP endopeptidase inhibition overcame conventional and novel drug resistance, induced apoptosis in primary samples, showed efficacy in vivo, and could be achieved with the clinically relevant agent inobrodib. Finally, regimens combining a CLPP and proteasome inhibitor showed enhanced efficacy, as did combinations with inhibitors of intermediary metabolism and autophagy. Taken together, our data indicate that CLPP is a key contributor to transformed plasma cells, a novel mediator of high-risk behavior, and a legitimate target for myeloma therapy whose inhibitors could be rationally combined with current therapeutics to improve outcomes.
Experimental device to measure the compressibility coefficient of soft materials
At present, there are many ways to measure the compressibility coefficient of a sample, but none of them allow the measurement of compressibility on samples that cannot be cut to a precise shape, such as human soft tissue, rubber-like materials and polymers. The objective of this study is therefore to demonstrate the proof of concept of a device allowing the measurement of the compressibility coefficient on a sample which is non-cuttable in a precise shape. The device is made of a cylindrical chamber, filled with a liquid, in which a sample of the soft material is inserted. The volume of the chamber is decreased by means of the insertion of a piston while the resulting pressure variation is measured. The compressibility coefficient of the soft material is then estimated from the pressure-volume curves. The results obtained on two industrial materials, namely a PMMA and a SBR rubber, show that the method produces similar results than those obtain by a classical stereocorrelation analysis on a tensile test. These results give confidence in the coefficients obtained with the compressibility method and open perspectives for human soft tissues.