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Multi-band frequency selective metasurface based filter for WLAN and X-band EMI shielding applications
L-shape association between serum chloride and 365-day mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis based on the MIMIC-IV database
Influence of gender, limb dominance, training experience, and loading conditions on arch characteristics in badminton players
Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
Maternal Western-style diet has a persistent effect on offspring gene expression in skeletal muscle of Japanese macaques
Effects of peptides derived from active sites of visfatin on wound healing
Addressing pathological deficiencies in the simulation of complex charged fluids using neural network force fields
Subjective distress mediates the association between olfactory dysfunction duration and depression in post COVID 19 patients
Near-Unity Nitrate to Ammonia conversion via reactant enrichment at the solid-liquid interface
Abstract Electroreduction of nitrate (NO3 ‒) to ammonia (NH3) is a promising approach for addressing energy challenges. However, the activity is limited by NO3 ‒ mass transfer, particularly at reduction potential, where an abundance of electrons on the cathode surface repels NO3 ‒ from the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP). This constraint becomes pronounced as NO3 ‒ concentration decreases, impeding practical applications in the conversion of NO3 ‒-to-NH3. Herein, we propose a generic strategy of catalyst bandstructure engineering for the enrichment of negatively charged ions through solid-liquid (S-L) junction-mediated charge rearrangement within IHP. Specifically, during NO3 ‒ reduction, the formation of S-L junction induces hole transfer from Ag-doped MoS2 (Ag-MoS2) to electrode/electrolyte interface, triggering abundant positive charges on the IHP to attract NO3 ‒. Thus, Ag-MoS2 exhibits a ~ 28.6-fold NO3 ‒ concentration in the IHP than the counterpart without junction, and achieves near-100% NH3 Faradaic efficiency with an NH3 yield rate of ~20 mg h‒1 cm‒2 under ultralow NO3 ‒ concentrations.
Conformational dynamics and membrane insertion mechanism of B4GALNT1 in ganglioside synthesis
Abstract Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are crucial membrane components involved in essential cellular pathways. Complex GSLs, known as gangliosides, are synthesised by glycosyltransferase enzymes and imbalances in GSL metabolism cause severe neurological diseases. B4GALNT1 synthesises the precursors to the major brain gangliosides. Loss of B4GALNT1 function causes hereditary spastic paraplegia, while its overexpression is linked to cancers including childhood neuroblastoma. Here, we present crystal structures of the human homodimeric B4GALNT1 enzyme demonstrating dynamic remodelling of the substrate binding site during catalysis. We show that processing of lipid substrates by B4GALNT1 is severely compromised when surface loops flanking the active site are mutated from hydrophobic residues to polar. Molecular dynamics simulations support that these loops can insert into the lipid bilayer explaining how B4GALNT1 accesses and processes lipid substrates. By combining structure prediction and molecular simulations we propose that this mechanism of dynamic membrane insertion is exploited by other, structurally distinct GSL synthesising enzymes.
Evaluating miscarriage incidence after COVID-19 vaccination
Abstract COVID-19 infection during pregnancy might be associated with maternal complications. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of miscarriage. This cohort study included 26,701 women of reproductive age (15–49) who were vaccinated with different vaccines (Sinopharm, Sputnik V, AZD1222 and CoVIran Barekat) between April 2021 and August 2022 in seven cities in Iran. Among them 459 women were pregnant and included in this analysis. All pregnant women were followed up until the end of their pregnancy. The mean age (standard deviation) of pregnant women was 31.7 (6.8) years. Among them, 50 miscarriage cases occurred. The cumulative incidence of miscarriage was 10.9%; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 8.0–13.8) in total, and 11.0% (5.9–16.1), 9.7% (4.4–14.9), 12.0% (5.9–18.2), and 11.1% (4.2–18.0) for AZD1222, Sputnik V, Sinopharm and Barekat vaccines respectively. Cumulative incidence rates by vaccine brands were not statistically significant (P value = 0.962). The mean (SD) time interval between conception and vaccination was 3.5 (3.8) weeks and it was 7.5 (2.7) weeks for the age of the fetus at miscarriage. In general, the miscarriage rate in women of reproductive age was 4.8 (95% CI 4.1–5.7) per 1000 women. The estimated incidence rates were not higher than expected; therefore, it can be argued that COVID − 19 vaccination with Sputnik V, Sinopharm, Barekat and AZD1222 does not increase the probability of miscarriage and the vaccines are therefore safe in this respect.
Association of dietary minerals and phosphorus to protein ratio with quality of life in Iranian Hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study
An analytical model of condensed explosives under slow cook-off conditions
MICP incorporated biopolymer to mitigate wind erosion of sand
Automated ejection fraction and risk stratification in cardiomyopathy patients with diverse LV geometry using 2D echocardiography
Research on the self-lubricating performance of rolling linear guide based on directional porous media
TRBP modulates RLR signaling by inhibiting PKR-mediated antiviral stress granule formation
Colonization with antibiotic resistant bacteria in communities and hospitals across six countries, including Bangladesh, Botswana, Chile, Guatemala, India, and Kenya
Abstract The recognized burden of antimicrobial resistance (AR) is greatest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but limitations in surveillance preclude accurate estimates of AR. We aimed to evaluate colonization in communities and hospitals across six LMICs for two clinically-important pathogens: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCrE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Participants in hospitals and communities provided rectal swabs or stool samples for ESCrE and CRE identification. Isolates recovered from selective agars underwent confirmatory identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) using Vitek® 2, MALDI-TOF, and/or disc diffusion testing. ESCrE and CRE were defined based on established breakpoints of phenotypic resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively, to calculate prevalence of colonization. Community prevalence estimates were weighted to account for sampling design differences. A total of 10,139 participants across the 6 countries provided samples; 63% were females with a median age of 35 years (range: 0–99). Colonization with ESCrE in hospitals was high in all sites (range 34–84%). In communities, ESCrE colonization ranged from 22 to 77%. Prevalence of CRE colonization in hospitals ranged from 7 to 36% and in communities ranged from < 1 to 14%. These findings reveal a high burden of AR colonization in LMICs in both communities and hospitals. Cost-effective strategies to reduce AR colonization burden are needed in LMICs.