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A fiber channel modeling method based on complex neural networks
Identification of CXCR4 as a potential preventive gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma from machine learning and immune analysis
A systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analysis of resting-state fMRI in athletes from open and closed skills sports
Abstract The impact of prolonged sports training on athletes’ brain functional activity remains inconclusive. A systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) is necessary to identify functional connectivity changes induced by prolonged sports training. A total of 31 studies were included in the systematic review, and 18 studies with 347 non-athletes and 327 athletes were analyzed using coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation (ALE) and seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) meta-analysis. Results revealed that greater functional connectivity in athletes in the paracentral lobule, medial frontal gyrus, precuneus, inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, Rolandic operculum, and median cingulate/paracingulate gyri (DCG). Consistent changes in the DCG were identified in closed-skill sports athletes. Furthermore, increased regional functional activity was observed in the posterior cingulate gyrus, lingual gyrus and cerebellum. Both meta-analytical methods emphasize altered functional activity within the default mode network (DMN), cerebellar network (CBN), ventral attention network (VAN), visual network (VA), and sensorimotor network (SMN). These findings suggest that long-term sport training optimizes connection strength and efficiency in brain regions associated with visual attention, cognitive and motor control in athletes. Overall, our study reveals shared neural adaptations across different types of athletes, offering new insights into the effects of long-term specific training on brain functional connectivity in specialists.
Multi-objective stochastic model optimal operation of smart microgrids coalition with penetration renewable energy resources with demand responses
HPV transmission and optimal control of cervical cancer in China
Abstract Cervical cancer (CC), the fourth most common female malignancy globally, is predominantly caused by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains. China faces a particularly severe burden, exhibiting both the world’s second-highest CC prevalence and an alarming epidemiological trend characterized by steadily increasing incidence rates and younger age of onset. In response to the WHO’s global elimination strategy, China launched the Action Plan for Accelerated Elimination of Cervical Cancer (2023–2030). Aligned with national prevention and control objectives, considering two key interventions, that is widespread HPV vaccination and systematic CC screening, this study develops a novel two-sex, age-structured transmission model to characterize HPV transmission dynamics and CC progression, and implementation of intervention strategies. Through mathematical modeling analysis and simulation, we quantify age- and sex-specific risk profiles, predict long-term epidemiological trends. Using optimal control theory, we propose a supply-constrained vaccine allocation strategy for maximal population protection and a cost-effective screening implementation plan, which will provide evidence-based recommendations to support China’s national CC elimination goals.
High tree diversity exposed to unprecedented macroclimatic conditions even under minimal anthropogenic climate change
Tree species worldwide face increasing exposure to unprecedented macroclimatic conditions due to anthropogenic climate change, which may trigger biome shifts and ecosystem disruptions. We quantified climate change exposure–shifts to species’ currently unoccupied climate zones–for 32,089 tree species globally by 2100, assessing both species-level and local tree diversity risks. On average, 69% of species are predicted to experience macroclimatic shifts in at least 10% of their range, while 14% face exposure in over 50% of their range under a high-emission (4 °C warming) future scenario. This suggests that most species retain substantial climate refugia within their current range. However, local tree diversity exposure is predicted to be severe in vast regions, including Eurasia, the northwestern United States and Canada, northern Chile, and the Amazon Delta. Under a moderate (2 °C warming) scenario, high tree diversity exposure is mostly restricted to taiga regions in the Northern Hemisphere. These findings provide conservative estimates of climate-driven biodiversity risk, as our approach focuses solely on macroclimate and does not account for additional stressors such as land-use change or species interactions. Identifying tree species and areas of high macroclimatic shift exposure allows for targeted conservation strategies, including species stability monitoring, assisted migration, and the protection of climate refugia. Our results offer a foundation for prioritizing conservation actions in a rapidly changing climate, ensuring long-term ecosystem resilience.
Soft and flexible robot skin actuator using multilayer 3D pneumatic network
Compositional criteria to predict columnar to equiaxed transitions in metal additive manufacturing
O-GlcNAcylation of FOXK1 co-opts BAP1 to orchestrate the E2F pathway and promotes oncogenesis
Engineering Bipolar Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Selective Acid Extraction
Abstract Nitric acid (HNO 3 ) is a vital industrial chemical, and its recovery from complex waste streams is essential for sustainability and resource optimization. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of bipolar covalent organic framework (COF) membranes with tunable ionic site distributions as a solution for this challenge. The membranes are fabricated by layering anionic COF nanosheets on cationic COF layers, supported by a porous substrate. The resulting membranes exhibit significant rectifying behavior, driven by the asymmetric charge polarity and the intrinsic electric field, which enhances HNO 3 transport. The transmembrane diffusion coefficient of 2.74 × 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 exceeds the self‐diffusion rate of NO 3 − , leading to increased HNO 3 flux and selectivity compared to the individual anionic and cationic COF membranes. The optimized bipolar membrane configuration achieves remarkable separation factors, ranging from 22 to 242,000 for HNO₃, in comparison to other solutes such as HCl, H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , and various metal salts in an eight‐component mixed waste stream. This results in a substantial increase in HNO₃ purity, from 12.5% to 94.1% after a single membrane separation. With the broad range of COF materials and the versatility of the proposed membrane design, this work represents a significant advancement in chemical separation technologies.
Black tea rich in polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides inhibits osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice through immune regulation and gut microbiota suppression
Enhancing intercultural competence in technical higher education through AI-driven frameworks
Comprehensive evaluation of bioactive properties and metabolomic profiling of probiotic bacteria Lactococcus lactis (MKL8)
Abstract This study evaluated the bioactivity and the metabolomics of Lactococcus lactis MKL-8, a probiotic bacterium that was isolated from Murraya koenigii; contributing to broadening the diverse ecological diversity of Lactococcus lactis. The primary objective of this study was to explore the multifunctionality of MKL-8 by bringing together its bioactive potential and its metabolomic profile to assess its suitability for probiotic use. Identification of probiotic strains demonstrating multifunctional therapeutic properties along with proven safety is the most significant challenge in meeting increasing demand for natural therapeutic substitutes to synthetic drugs. MKL-8 showed high antioxidant activity with 90.19% inhibition, exhibits an anti-diabetic effect with 60% inhibition of α-amylase, and anti-inflammatory activity with 99% inhibition of protein denaturation, demonstrating significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent. The strain also exhibited significantly high ability to form biofilm and synthesized a considerable amount of Exopolysaccharides (EPS). GC-MS analysis revealed bioactive metabolites which are reported in the literature to have, immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant, collagen synthesis, and wound healing properties. The presence of these compounds was further affirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy, further indicating the importance of MKL-8 as a multifunctional probiotic. This paper presents the isolation and versatile applications of MKL-8, demonstrating it is a valuable natural probiotic strain. Collectively, these findings establish MKL-8 having potential health benefits making it a promising choice for progressive probiotic applications both in the healthcare industry and the functional food sector.
Degradation of bisphenol a using zinc oxide decorated by nickel ferrite nanoparticles toward persulfate activation in the presence of ultraviolet radiation
Detecting existence of a hidden mediator between a pair of individual time series
Adverse experiences of women with undiagnosed ADHD and the invaluable role of diagnosis
Abstract Girls and women are disproportionately affected by delayed diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but research on the impact of this is limited. Our study aimed to centre lived experiences of women with late-diagnosed ADHD to increase understanding of the impact of such delays. We employed a mixed methods survey to investigate the perspectives of 28 women with late-diagnosed ADHD. Results starkly demonstrate the criticism and lack of support participants faced from society and medical professionals, illustrating the negative consequences of delayed ADHD diagnosis on quality of life and mental health. Participants commonly reported internalising criticism and described disconcertingly low self-esteem; citing guilt, shame, and negative self-perception due to delayed diagnoses. Participants found diagnosis revelatory, their lives finally making sense; citing healing, improved self-esteem, and life feeling more worth living. The adversities faced from delayed diagnoses were described from early childhood, through adolescence, and adulthood. Participants reflected on ‘what could have been’, and described grieving the lives they could have led if diagnosed earlier. The negative impacts of missed ADHD diagnosis are broad and span life stages. With potential implications for public health policy, this work highlights the importance of increasing girls’ and women’s access to ADHD diagnoses to address avoidable detrimental hardship.
Experimental analysis of sequential water alternating CO₂ gas injection for enhancing oil recovery in X-field sandstone reservoir of Cambay basin
Remimazolam and propofol combination in ischemic cerebrovascular disease endovascular treatment: a randomized study
JunB–HBZ nuclear translocation by TGF-β is a key driver in HTLV-1-mediated leukemogenesis
The HTLV-1 bZIP factor ( HBZ ) gene, which is the only viral gene conserved and consistently expressed in all adult T-cell leukemia–lymphoma (ATL) cases, is critical for ATL oncogenesis. Although HBZ protein is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, the dynamics of HBZ protein localization and its contribution to oncogenesis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the subcellular expression pattern of HBZ in primary HTLV-1–infected T cells from asymptomatic carriers and leukemic cells of ATL patients using the Proximity Ligation Assay. Nuclear localization of HBZ protein was significantly higher in fresh ATL cells than in HTLV-1–infected cells from carriers. Importantly, translocation of HBZ protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after TGF-β activation was observed in ATL patients, but not in HTLV-1 carriers. In ATL cells, the cellular transcription factors JunB and pSmad3 interact with HBZ and facilitate its nuclear translocation upon TGF-β stimulation. JUNB knockdown inhibits cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and promotes apoptosis in ATL cells but not in HTLV-1–infected nonleukemic cells, indicating that JunB has important roles in maintaining ATL cells. In conclusion, TGF-β-induced nuclear translocation of HBZ–JunB complexes is associated with ATL oncogenesis.