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A carbon aware ant colony system for the sustainable generalized traveling salesman problem
TRPV1 inhibition sensitizes tumors to PD-1 blockade by reversing resistance to CTL-mediated killing
Study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial on oral health promotion programs for adolescents in Iran
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fractional-order fast terminal sliding mode control of a nonlinear aeroelastic wing section considering gust load
Influence of heat treatment combined with cryogenic treatment on contact fatigue properties of Cr12Mo1V1 steel members
Analysis of the Rehmannia chingii genome identifies RcCYP72H7 as an epoxidase in iridoid glycoside biosynthesis
Tooth enamel-inspired ceramic coating on metal surface for enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance
Epitenon-derived progenitors drive fibrosis and regeneration after flexor tendon injury in a spatially-dependent manner
Prothrombin-induced by vitamin K absence II as a prognostic factor in living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma
MiR-125b-5p ameliorates ventilator-induced lung injury in rats by suppressing ferroptosis via the regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway
Sphingosine 1-phosphate derived from tumor-educated hepatic stellate cells combining with S1PR4 promotes tumor associated macrophages differentiation through FAO modulation
Impaired hippocampal circuit function underlying memory encoding and consolidation precede robust Aβ deposition in a mouse model of alzheimer’s disease
Supercell-enhanced multimodal plasmonic sensor for high-fidelity antigen detection via refractive index modulation
Basketball team optimization algorithm (BTOA): a novel sport-inspired meta-heuristic optimizer for engineering applications
Abstract Real-world optimisation problems are increasingly high-dimensional, nonlinear and constrained. The No Free Lunch theorem implies that no single optimiser dominates across all problem classes, making domain-specific metaheuristics indispensable. Yet mainstream population-based methods often converge prematurely and fail to balance exploration and exploitation under such complexity. To address these limitations, we propose the Basketball Team Optimisation Algorithm (BTOA), a sports-inspired metaheuristic. BTOA maps four basketball concepts-high-intensity training, fast breaks, dynamic positioning and coordinated passing-onto cooperative search operators. In addition, we introduce two extensible modules: (i)a dynamic positioning strategy guided by diagonal structures, significantly improving global exploration capabilities, and (ii) a VariableAttributes to manage the distribution of individual diversity. These modules can be embedded into other population-based optimisers, enriching the heuristic design space. Extensive experiments on the CEC2005 and CEC2017 benchmark suites with 30, 50 and 100 dimensions show that BTOA attains the lowest mean error on 82.61% of the CEC2005 functions and on 66.67%, 63.3% and 66.67% of the CEC2017 functions, respectively. Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests confirm the statistical significance of these gains. Additional comparisons against several recently proposed algorithms and competition-winning algorithms further highlight BTOA’s consistent advantage. Beyond benchmark tests, BTOA performs well on real-world problems with complex constraints and large decision spaces, such as UAV path planning. Its principled design alleviates key shortcomings of existing metaheuristics and offers a scalable, reliable tool for contemporary engineering optimisation tasks.
Investigating the diversity and stylization of contemporary user generated visual arts in the complexity entropy plane
Surface oxygen concentration differs between dry and ice-snow melting bare lands on the Tibetan Plateau
Surface keratin 1, a tumor-selective peptide target in human triple-negative breast cancer
Iron disproportionation in peridotite fragments from the mantle transition zone
Abstract Previous high-temperature-pressure experiments predicted metallic iron’s potential presence in the deep mantle below 250 km, arising from ferrous disproportionation in silicates, which could profoundly impact the redox environment and physicochemical properties. However, direct natural petrological evidence has been lacking, except scant clues like Fe-alloy inclusions in ultradeep diamonds. Here we present peridotite fragments, found in Cenozoic basalts from eastern China, containing decomposed Na-rich majoritic garnets (from depths of 410-550 km) and olivine with Fe0-spinel-bearing inclusions, likely originated from retrograded wadsleyite/ringwoodite. Enriched Zn-Sr isotopic compositions of the decomposed garnet indicate an origin associated with the stagnant Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone. Disproportionation of iron is evidenced by widely distributed submicron-sized spherical Fe-Ni alloys and Fe3+-rich (Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.35-0.40) olivine. These findings provide compelling evidence for recycling of stagnant slab components in the eastern Asia big mantle wedge (BMW), and iron disproportionation in the deep mantle.