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Use of refractive aids among adults in a general population

Influence law of air flow and water immersion duration on the risk of secondary oxidation spontaneous combustion of coal

Utilizing deterministic smart tools to predict recovery factor performance of smart water injection in carbonate reservoirs

Iron induces blood-brain barrier alteration contributing to cognitive impairment in β-thalassaemia mice

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor decreases the risk of colorectal adenoma in the aged with Type 2 diabetes

Temporal ablation of the ciliary protein IFT88 alters normal brainwave patterns

AbstractThe primary cilium is a hair-like organelle that hosts molecular machinery for various developmental and homeostatic signaling pathways. Its alteration can cause rare ciliopathies such as the Bardet-Biedl and Joubert syndromes, but is also linked to Alzheimer’s disease, clinical depression, and autism spectrum disorder. These afflictions are caused by disturbances in a wide variety of genes but a common phenotype amongst them is cognitive impairment. While cilia-mediated neural function has been widely examined in early neurodevelopment, their function in the adult brain is not well understood. To help elucidate the role of cilia in neural activity, we temporally induced the ablation of IFT88, a gene encoding the intraflagellar transport 88 protein which is neccessary for ciliogenesis, in adult mice before performing memory-related behavioral assays and electroencephalogram/electromyogram (EEG/EMG) recordings. Inducible IFT88 KO mice exhibited severe learning deficits in trace fear conditioning and Morris water maze tests. They had strongly affected brainwave activity both under isoflurane induced anesthesia and during normal activity. And additionally, inducible IFT88 KO mice had altered sleep architecture and attenuated phase-amplitude coupling, a process that underlies learning and memory formation. These results highlight the growing significance of primary cilia for healthy neural function in the adult brain.

Experimental studies on mix design and properties of ceramic-glass geopolymer mortars using response surface methodology

Drug molecular representations for drug response predictions: a comprehensive investigation via machine learning methods

An insulator target detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5

Predicting noncoding RNA and disease associations using multigraph contrastive learning

PathCrisp: an innovative molecular diagnostic tool for early detection of NDM-resistant infections

Assessment of soil classification based on cone penetration test data for Kaifeng area using optimized support vector machine

Scalable fabrication of an array-type fixed-target device for automated room temperature X-ray protein crystallography

Nicotinamide mononucleotide boosts the development of bovine oocyte by enhancing mitochondrial function and reducing chromosome lagging

Multienzyme cascade for synthesis of hydroxytyrosol via engineered Escherichia coli

Parametric optimization of flow in a solar chimney power plant under variable semi elliptical constraints

Sex differences in aggression and its neural substrate in a cichlid fish

AbstractAggression is ubiquitous among social species and can function to maintain social dominance hierarchies. The African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni is an ideal study species for studying aggression due to their dominance hierarchy and robust behavioral repertoire. To further understand the potential sex differences in aggression in this species, we characterized aggression in male and female A. burtoni in a mirror assay. We then quantified neural activation patterns in brain regions of the social behavior network (SBN) to investigate if differences in behavior are reflected in the brain with immunohistochemistry by detecting the phosphorylated ribosome marker phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6), a marker for neural activation. We found that A. burtoni perform both identical and sex-specific aggressive behaviors in response to a mirror assay. Females had greater pS6 immunoreactivity than males in the Vv (ventral part of the ventral telencephalon), a homolog of the lateral septum in mammals. Males but not females had higher pS6 immunoreactivity in the ATn after the aggression assay. The ATn (anterior tuberal nucleus) is a homolog of the ventromedial hypothalamus in mammals, which is strongly implicated in the regulation of aggression in males. Several regions also have higher pS6 immunoreactivity in negative controls than fish exposed to a mirror, implicating a role for inhibitory neural processes in suppressing aggression until a relevant stimulus is present. Male and female A. burtoni display both similar and different behavioral patterns in aggression in response to a mirror assay. There are also sex differences in the corresponding neural activation patterns in the SBN. In mirror males but not females, the ATn clusters with the POA, revealing a functional connectivity of these regions that is triggered in an aggressive context in males. These findings suggest that distinct neural circuitry underlie aggressive behavior in male and female A. burtoni, serving as a foundation for future work investigating the molecular and neural underpinnings of sex differences in behavior in this species to reveal fundamental insights into understanding aggression.

Newton–Simpson-based predictor–corrector methods for milling chatter stability prediction

Drug discovery and mechanism prediction with explainable graph neural networks

Plasma concentration of MMP-17 is elevated in boys with cryptorchidism and correlates with HSP-70