Browse Articles

Effect of double duty interventions on dietary diversity score of adolescents using a cluster randomized controlled trial in Debre Berhan Regiopolitan City, Ethiopia

‘It is chaos’: US funding freezes are endangering global health

Recombinant human thrombopoietin does not promote platelet engraftment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients following autologous stem cell transplantation

Characterization of RNF144B and PPP2R2A identified by a novel approach using TCGA data in ovarian cancer

How to make the perfect egg: give it lukewarm baths

How hosting Ukrainian scientists offers a template for supporting other scholars at risk

Modeling highly efficient femtosecond laser ablation of aluminum for cutting

Clinical characteristics and unique presentations of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced type 1 diabetes in Chinese patients from a single institution

Application of network analysis and association rule mining for visualizing the lymph node metastasis patterns in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Evaluating a novel reproduction number estimation method: a comparative analysis

Periodic expression of Per1 gene is restored in chipmunk liver during interbout arousal in mammalian hibernation

Abstract Circadian rhythms play an important role in many physiological processes. We have previously reported that no periodic fluctuation in the Bmal1 mRNA is observed in the liver of the chipmunk, a mammalian hibernator, in the hibernation season, suggesting that peripheral circadian clocks are not functional during hibernation. In contrast, the Per2 mRNA levels are transiently increased by elevated body temperature during interbout arousal and showed periodic fluctuations in the hibernation season, suggesting that periodic expression of the Per2 mRNA may be restored during interbout arousal. In the present study, we analyzed Per1 gene expression in the chipmunk liver. The Per1 mRNA showed circadian fluctuations with a peak during the late sleep period in the non-hibernation season and periodic fluctuations with a peak during the early interbout arousal in the hibernation season. In both the non-hibernation and hibernation seasons, Per1 gene expression was phase-advanced relative to Per2 gene expression, and the phase relationship between the two genes was maintained, suggesting that for some genes, periodic gene expression, similar to circadian expression in the non-hibernation season, may be restored during interbout arousal. Interestingly, Per1 gene transcription was differentially activated by BMAL1 in the non-hibernation season and possibly by CREB1 in the hibernation season.

To investigate the tumor promotion role of PLOD3 in colorectal cancer and its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target

Enhancing wind power forecasting accuracy through LSTM with adaptive wind speed calibration (C-LSTM)

Multimodal analysis of mother–child interaction using hyperscanning and diffusion maps

A new ultra-high voltage gain DC/DC converter based on coupled-inductor

Experimental study on pore structure and dynamic mechanical properties of modified rubber concrete after freeze-thaw cycle

Author Correction: Seroprevalence study in humans and molecular detection in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Thailand

Comprehensive exploration of programmed cell death landscape in lung adenocarcinoma combining multi-omic analysis and experimental verification

Transforming US agriculture for carbon removal with enhanced weathering

Abstract Enhanced weathering (EW) with agriculture uses crushed silicate rocks to drive carbon dioxide removal (CDR)1,2. If widely adopted on farmlands, it could help achieve net-zero emissions by 20502–4. Here we show, with a detailed US state-specific carbon cycle analysis constrained by resource provision, that EW deployed on agricultural land could sequester 0.16–0.30 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050, rising to 0.25–0.49 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2070. Geochemical assessment of rivers and oceans suggests effective transport of dissolved products from EW from soils, offering CDR on intergenerational timescales. Our analysis further indicates that EW may temporarily help lower ground-level ozone and concentrations of secondary aerosols in agricultural regions. Geospatially mapped CDR costs show heterogeneity across the USA, reflecting a combination of cropland distance from basalt source regions, timing of EW deployment and evolving CDR rates. CDR costs are highest in the first two decades before declining to about US$100–150 tCO2 −1 by 2050, including for states that contribute most to total national CDR. Although EW cannot be a substitute for emission reductions, our assessment strengthens the case for EW as an overlooked practical innovation for helping the USA meet net-zero 2050 goals5,6. Public awareness of EW and equity impacts of EW deployment across the USA require further exploration7,8 and we note that mobilizing an EW industry at the necessary scale could take decades.

Probing the local thermal expansion coefficient of single liquid Sn nanoparticles using EELS in STEM

Abstract We investigated the local coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) along the diameter of a 190 nm Sn nanoparticle supported on a thin Si₃N₄ substrate. The surface and volume plasmon energies of the liquid Sn nanoparticle were measured as a function of temperature using spatially resolved valence electron energy loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope. We found that the slope of the volume plasmon energy versus temperature gradually increased near the surface, revealing a thermal expansion gradient in liquid nanoparticles. This effect was confined to a 3 nm-thick surface layer, where the CTE was over 1.5 times larger than that of the nanoparticle core. Meanwhile, the CTE of the core was found to be smaller than the reference value for liquid Sn, which is attributed to mechanical constraints imposed by the thin Si₃N₄ substrate. We demonstrated that temperature-induced changes in surface plasmon energy provide insights into the CTE of the outmost surface layer of Sn nanoparticles.