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Peptide Backbone Editing via Post-Translational O to C Acyl Shift
Anti-tumor efficacy and safety of AEV01 in preclinical glioblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma models
Helix-Guarded Molecular Clips for Cell-Free DNA Scavenging and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Revealing the confluences of workplace bullying, suicidality, and their association with depression
Quad-band split ring resonator-based sensor for microwave sensing application
Epidemiological studies on the incidence of papaya ringspot disease under Indian sub-continent conditions
Fecal metabolomics to understand intestinal dysfunction in male dairy beef calves at arrival to the rearing farm
Pentraxin3 exacerbates acute pancreatitis injury by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation pathway
SmartAPM framework for adaptive power management in wearable devices using deep reinforcement learning
Power enhancement of PV arrays in different configurations under different partial shaded condition
Evaluation the toxic effects of Cobalt-Zinc Ferrite nanoparticles in experimental mice
Abstract Cobalt Zinc ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized utilizing the auto-combustion flash method, with the general formula Co1 − xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0,0.35). This study aimed to evaluate the hepato-renal and systemic toxicity of Cobalt Zinc Ferrite nanoparticles (CZF NPs). A total of eighty female mice were utilized to ascertain the median lethal dose (LD50) of CF NPs (100 mg/kg) and CZF NPs (100 mg/kg). Thirty female CD1 mice were placed into three groups, each containing ten animals. In Group 1 (Gp1), mice were administered a 200 µl injection of sterile saline intraperitoneally (i.p.). During a 6-day period, Gp2 and Gp3 received injections of CF NPs and CFZ NPs. On day 14 after injection, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological data were measured. CZF NPs were characterized using X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). There was a significant alteration in the overall body weight of mice injected with CZF NPs. Injections of CF NPs did not significantly alter red blood cells (RBC) counts, hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit percentage (Hct%), total white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. However, injections of CZF NPs resulted in an increase in WBC count and a decrease in platelet count. Furthermore, injection of CZF NPs altered the differential leukocyte percentages. The liver and kidney functions in mice injected with CF NPs did not show any notable changes. However, mice treated with CZF NPs had considerable increases in liver and kidney bio-markers. The administration of CF NPS did not modify the histological structure of hepatic and renal tissues; however, the hepatic and renal structures were disrupted in animals injected with CZF NPs. Overall, the findings indicated high toxicity of CZF NPs in the mice used for the experiment.
Unraveling the Stoichiometric Interactions and Synergism between Ligand-Protected Gold Nanoparticles and Proteins
Root growth, yield and stress tolerance of soybean to transient waterlogging under different climatic regimes
Aversive learning reduces aversive-reinforcer sensitivity in honey bees
Abstract Research on associative learning typically focuses on behavioral and neural changes in response to learned stimuli. In Pavlovian conditioning, changes in responsiveness to conditioned stimuli are crucial for demonstrating learning. A less explored, but equally important, question is whether learning can induce changes not only in the processing of conditioned stimuli but also in the processing of unconditioned stimuli. In this study, we addressed this question by combining reinforcer-sensitivity assays with Pavlovian conditioning in honey bees. We focused on aversive shock responsiveness, measuring the sting extension response to electric shocks of increasing voltage, and examined the effect of aversive olfactory conditioning—where bees learn to associate an odor with shock—on shock responsiveness. After experiencing electric shocks during conditioning, the bees showed a persistent decrease in responsiveness to lower voltages, observable three days after conditioning, indicating reduced shock sensitivity. This effect was specific to electric shock, as appetitive conditioning involving a sucrose reinforcer did not alter shock responsiveness, leaving shock sensitivity unchanged. These findings highlight a previously unexplored effect of associative learning on reinforcer sensitivity, demonstrating a lasting decrease of responsiveness to reinforcer intensities perceived as less relevant than that encountered during conditioning.
Early attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with NeuroDCT-ICA and rhinofish optimization (RFO) algorithm based optimized ADHD-AttentionNet
Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves quality of life in individuals with chronic poststroke aphasia
Abstract The cerebellum has emerged as a potential target for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in post-stroke aphasia (PSA) due to its role in language processing and relative preservation compared to supratentorial lesions. Recent evidence also highlights the cerebellum’s involvement in affective and social processes, suggesting potential broader effects of cerebellar modulation. This study investigated the efficacy of anodal tDCS over the right cerebellum paired with speech and language therapy in enhancing language functions and quality of life in individuals with PSA. Twenty-two participants with chronic PSA received cerebellar tDCS, while historical sham control data from 25 participants were obtained. Language outcomes were assessed using the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R), and secondary outcomes included patient-reported measures of communication effectiveness and quality of life. Mixed-design analyses of variance were conducted to examine treatment effects. No significant Group x Time interaction was found for WAB-R scores, indicating that tDCS did not provide additional language benefits over speech therapy. However, a significant Group x Time interaction was observed for the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 scores, driven by improvements in the Psychosocial, Physical, and Energy subdomains in the tDCS group. Cerebellar tDCS did not significantly improve language outcomes in PSA individuals but enhanced specific aspects of quality of life. These findings highlight the cerebellum’s multifaceted role in cognitive, affective, and sensorimotor processes. Future research should focus on conducting well-powered, randomized, double-blind, and concurrent trials to validate these findings and explore optimal stimulation parameters in PSA rehabilitation. Trial registration : The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the registration number NCT03699930. The date of registration is 10/05/2018.