Browse Articles

A mode of action protein based approach that characterizes the relationships among most major diseases

Structure and mechanism of vitamin-K-dependent γ-glutamyl carboxylase

Multidisciplinary characterization of embarrassment through behavioral and acoustic modeling

Fingerprinting the recovery of Antarctic ozone

Molecular basis of vitamin-K-driven γ-carboxylation at the membrane interface

Measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Bangkok wastewater treatment plants and estimating infected population after fully opening the country in 2023, Thailand

Publisher Correction: FRET analysis of the unwrapping of nucleosomal DNA containing a sequence characteristic of the + 1 nucleosome

Biochemical and physiological characterization of Aedes aegypti midgut chymotrypsin

Incorporation of biochar and semi-interpenetrating biopolymer to synthesize new slow release fertilizers and their impact on soil moisture and nutrients availability

A 180 nm CMOS dual-mode LNA with current reuse and double-resonance load for 2.4 GHz and 3.1–10.6 GHz wireless communication

The association of nutritional and inflammatory status with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk among US patients with metabolic syndrome

Adolescent marriage, maternity, and limited access to education in 106 countries: Bayesian analysis of prevalence, trend, and prediction

Auditory efferent suppression during alternate auditory attention in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations

CFD-based design of air wall water blocking for underground garage entrances and exits

In the increasingly perfect underground garage construction process, the underground garage entrance water blocking problem is getting more and more attention. This paper proposes a kind of air wall water-blocking device applied to underground garage. The device is installed on the side of the straight and curved paths at the entrances and exits of the spiral underground garage. It utilizes two fans to blow the water to the drain on the other side to achieve unobstructed access to stop the water. In this paper, CFD simulation is firstly carried out on the straight road of the spiral underground garage to verify the feasibility of the program. The accuracy of the simulation results was verified by building a straight road model and conducting experiments. After that, an equal-scale 3D model of the spiral underground garage was built. Orthogonal experiments on the effects of inlet water flow velocity, fan wind speed at the straight road and fan wind speed at the curved road on the water blocking effect were carried out by using CFD simulation. A preliminary range of water velocity of 2.250 m/min to 6.786 m/min was obtained experimentally, and this range of water velocity was used as an input parameter for the simulation. The results show that the speed of water flow at the entrance of the garage and the wind speed of the fan at the straight road have a greater effect on the water blocking effect than the wind speed of the fan at the curved road. When the wind speed of the fan at the straight road is 25m/s, proper adjustment of the wind speed of the fan at the curved road can realize a good water-blocking effect of the spiral underground garage entrance within the range of water flow rate of 2.250m/min ~ 6.786m/min. Therefore, in the practical application of using the air wall water blocking scheme to realize the underground garage entrance water blocking strategy is to give priority to improve the wind speed of the fan at the straight road to improve the effect of water blocking.

Protocol for human evaluation of generative artificial intelligence chatbots in clinical consultations

Background Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has the potential to revolutionise healthcare delivery. The nuances of real-life clinical practice and complex clinical environments demand a rigorous, evidence-based approach to ensure safe and effective deployment of AI. Methods We present a protocol for the systematic evaluation of large language models (LLMs) as GenAI chatbots within the context of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases clinical consultations. We aim to critically assess recommendations produced by four leading GenAI models, including Claude 2, Gemini Pro, GPT-4.0, and a GPT-4.0-based custom AI chatbot. Discussion A standardised, healthcare-specific, universal prompt template is developed to elicit clinically impactful AI responses. Generated responses will be graded by two panels of practicing clinicians, encompassing a wide spectrum of domain expertise in clinical microbiology and virology, as well as infectious diseases. Evaluations will be performed using a 5-point Likert scale across four clinical domains: factual consistency, comprehensiveness, coherence, and medical harmfulness. Our study will offer insights into the feasibility, limitations, and boundaries of GenAI in clinical consultations, providing guidance for future research and clinical implementation. Ethical guidelines and safety guardrails should be developed to uphold patient safety and clinical standards.

Hidden in plain sight: antisemitic content in QAnon subreddits

When is online content antisemitic? This matter is highly contested, except in the case of explicit language. Yet implicit antisemitic content and conspiracy narratives about Jews have been on the rise, especially on moderated platforms. This paper maps empirically the connections between explicit antisemitic content and these other forms of content, showing the language game at play in an online community identified as antisemitic and providing a relatively simple answer to the classification of content question. Using data from two QAnon subreddits, r/CBTS_Stream and r/greatawakening, we identify the co-occurrence of explicit and implicit antisemitic language posted to the subreddits. The language game involves an ingroup having specialized knowledge related to implicit language or dog whistles; the ingroup knows and uses the secret meaning of these terms as an insider’s code. Content network analysis and qualitative coding illustrate that QAnon taught this insider’s code by presenting the overt, antisemitic meanings of implicit terms and generalized narratives in posts that combined them with explicit language. While explicit language appeared rarely and was used by only a small proportion of users, more than a third of QAnon users employed implicit antisemitic language in their posts. This implicit language communicated antisemitic conspiracy narratives and antisemitic ideas more generally, to an audience “in the know” while also offering the user plausible deniability. Moreover, the implicit antisemitic terms circumvent platform censorship and provide an opportunity to leverage common ground around antisemitic conspiracy narratives with new users without the stigma of explicitly antisemitic content. The question of whether content is antisemitic may easily be answered by looking at a community’s posts that combine explicit and implicit antisemitic language. (272 words).

Triazination/IEDDA Cascade Modular Strategy Installing Pyridines/Pyrimidines onto Tyrosine Enables Peptide Screening and Optimization

Predictors of successful weaning from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) use to support patients in cardiac failure is increasing. Despite this increased use, predicting successful weaning from ECMO can be challenging, no uniform guidelines on weaning exist. Therefore, we completed a systematic review to evaluate prognostic factors that predict successful weaning from V-A ECMO. Methods Following the PRIMSA guidelines, a systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, SCOPUS and CENTRAL identified original research studies of patients requiring V-A ECMO where weaning was attempted. Data was collected on demographic factors and weaning protocol, biomarkers, haemodynamic, echocardiographic factors for the successfully weaned (SW) and not successfully weaned (NSW) groups. Two investigators reviewed studies for relevance, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the ROBINS-I tool. The study was registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO ID# CRD42022366153). Results 1219 records were screened, of which 20 studies were deemed sufficient to be included in the statistical analysis based on pre-specified criteria. Factors associated with successful weaning were higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD 9.0, 95% CI 4.1–13.8; p < 0.001) and left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT VTI) at time of weaning, (MD 1.35, 95% CI 0.28–2.40 lactate at admission (MD −3.2, 95% CI −4.8 to −1.5, p < 0.001), and CK-MB at admission (MD −4.11, 95%CI −6.6 to −1.6, p = 0.001). Critical appraisal demonstrated moderate-high risk of bias owing to confounding and low sample sizes. Conclusion In patients on V-A ECMO support being assessed for weaning multi-parametric assessment is required. Moderate-high heterogeneity and low sample sizes warrant higher-quality studies to help guide decisions to wean patients from V-A ECMO.

Correction: Conditional autoencoder asset pricing models for the Korean stock market

Temporal-spatial changes and tourism efficiency coupling in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is an important tourist destination in China. However, the development of regional tourism is uneven, and there is an obvious center-periphery structure. It is significant to study the temporal and spatial evolution of the efficiency and scale of tourism economies and the relationship between them from the perspectives of economics and geography. The tourism scales of 11 cities in the GBA were calculated from 2001 to 2019. The Earth Science Data Acquisition (ESDA) method was used to investigate temporal-spatial differentiation characteristics and changes in tourism efficiency and scale. And it used a coupling coordination model to explore the superiority of coupling coordination and regional synergy. According to the findings, the GBA’s tourism efficiency rose steadily in fluctuations and then declined, whereas the tourism scale developed quickly, then slowly, followed by a steady upward trend. The efficiency and scale of tourism both have obvious spatial differences, and both the local spatial agglomeration effect and the spatial synergy of tourism become more and more significant. The coupling degree and coupling coordination degree between tourism efficiency and scale have evidently improved. Tourism efficiency and scale are currently primarily in the middle of mutual restraint and a low degree of mutual promotion.The importance of this paper stems primarily from its emphasis on temporal and spatial changes, as well as the coupling coordination of tourism efficiency and scale in GBA, as the majority of the existing literature focuses on temporal and spatial changes.