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Repurposing of a gill gene regulatory program for outer-ear evolution
Influence of homogenization and pasteurization on the physical characteristics, antioxidant properties, and microbial content of VD20 rice milk
Abstract The preservation and stability of rice milk products are critical for their commercialization. This study focuses on the effects of homogenization and pasteurization on the stability and microbial safety of rice milk produced from VD20 broken rice, a variety cultivated in Go Cong, Tien Giang, Vietnam. Experiments were conducted by homogenizing the rice milk at four rotational speeds (6000, 8000, 10,000, and 12,000 rpm) for varying durations (5, 10, 15, and 20 min) and pasteurizing temperatures ranging from 80 °C to 95 °C. Homogenization was performed using an IKA T50 ULTRA-TURRAX® homogenizer, and microbial counts were determined using standard plate count methods. The optimal processing conditions were identified as homogenization at 10,000 rpm for 15 min and pasteurization at 90 °C for 15 min, which ensured microbial safety (< 10⁵ CFU/mL) while preserving antioxidant activity (DPPH: 42.35 mgAAE/mL, ABTS: 39.01 mgAAE/mL) and polyphenol content (TPC: 78.55 mgGAE/mL). These findings contribute to optimizing the production and extending the shelf life of rice milk products, thereby enhancing the value of broken rice by-products and supporting the diversification of rice-derived functional beverages.
Toward real-time margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery with hyperspectral imaging
Dense-Fusion2Net a more efficient and lightweight short speech speaker recognition system with time-frequency channel attention
A new method for Tomicus classification of forest pests based on improved ResNet50 algorithm
A PDMS/MWCNTs RFID flexible tag with advanced resonator design for read range enhancement in IoT monitoring systems
Abstract Low-cost and passive identification systems are necessary for real time IoT (internet of things) monitoring. The paper presents a novel designed chipless RFID tag towards read range enhancement of (2.70 mm). A novel approach of array-based resonators towards real time read range enhancement is proposed in this research work with efficient performance. A mould-based solution casting technique is used for chipless tag fabrication. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used as electrodes with flexible Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The developed battery-free tag can encode 3-bits data while staying in compact dimensions of 20 × 20mm2. The single unit tag is extended to 3 × 3-array structure. The novel approach leads the tag towards RCS increment of 25.17dBsm. The tag has been extended to 5 × 5-array for Poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with silver nanoparticle-based ink radiator leading to RCS increment of 25.16dBsm. The tags read range performance is very highly reliable and stable as measured from multiple samples and is suitable for deployment in a smart sensing and IoT identification network.
Author Correction: Vitality insights of fish escaping from a sorting grid installed on a bottom trawl net
BMAL1 attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway: evidence from vitro studies
Treatment of IL-10RA deficiency of pediatric patients with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease by allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Surface motion dynamics and swimming control of planar magnetic microswimmers
Abstract Planar magnetic microswimmers offer substantial potential for in vivo biomedical applications, owing to their efficient mass production via photolithography. In this study, we demonstrate the effective control of these microswimmers using an open-loop approach in environments with minimal external disturbances. We investigate their surface motion characteristics through both theoretical modeling and experimental testing under varying magnetic field strengths and rotation frequencies, identifying regions of stable and unstable motion. Additionally, we analyze how field frequency and strength influence surface motion speed and identify the frequencies that promote stability. Open-loop control of surface motion in fluid environments and swimming in channels is also demonstrated, highlighting the operational flexibility of these microswimmers. We further demonstrate swarm motion for both swimming and surface operations, exhibiting larger-scale coordination. Our findings emphasize their potential for future applications in biomedical engineering and microrobotics, marking a step forward in the development of microscale robotic systems.
Comparative analysis of perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus based on diagnostic timing
A single-phase seven-level ANPC inverter with hybrid modulation for enhanced efficiency and harmonic performance
High proportions of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in community-acquired infections, Brazil
Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the leading causes of bloodstream (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI), but limited data is available regarding community-acquired (CA) infections. This study characterized the clinical aspects of CA-BSI and CA-UTI caused by K. pneumoniae and the molecular features of isolates, including their resistance profiles. Sixty-five isolates (CA-BSI, n = 24; CA-UTI, n = 41) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, β-lactamase and virulence gene assessment, capsular genotyping, and molecular typing. Older age, male gender, and comorbidities, particularly kidney disease, were significantly associated with CA-BSI. The MDR and carbapenem resistance rates for K. pneumoniae from CA infections were 24.6% and 4.6%, respectively. CA-BSI isolates were more antibiotic-resistant and had a higher proportion of ESBL-producing (37.5% versus 9.8%) and MDR isolates (45.8% versus 12.2%) than CA-UTI. The bla CTX−M−like or bla KPC−like genes was found in all ESBL-producing isolates, while bla KPC−like and bla NDM−like were detected exclusively in CA-BSI strains. The isolates’ virulence profiles were similar between the groups, although one CA-BSI and two CA-UTI isolates presented hypervirulence biomarkers. A high clonal diversity was observed, with a majority of MDR (81.3%) (ST11, ST15, ST101, ST258, ST307, and ST6852) and hypervirulent (2/3) (ST23 and ST65) isolates being high-risk pandemic clones in humans. Our data highlight the high prevalence of MDR K. pneumoniae in CA infections in Brazil, with CA-BSI showing significant differences in resistance profiles compared to CA-UTI.
Paracancerous binuclear hepatocytes assessed by computer program is a novel biomarker for short term recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery
A novel foldable metamaterial for application in the pipeline pressure vessel with a static deformation, strain and stress analysis
Willingness of healthcare professionals in China to continue participating in and recommend telemedicine post COVID-19 pandemic
Efficient uremic toxins adsorption from simulated blood by immobilization of metal organic frameworks anchored Sephadex beads
Abstract The current study outlines the removal of Creatinine, p-Cresol sulfate, and Hippuric acid from simulated blood using three new granules: Fe-BTC@Sephadex, Cu-BTC@Sephadex, and Co-BTC@Sephadex. Beads were used to adsorbed toxic chemicals, and the effects of various experimental parameters were examined in the adsorption optimization process. The framework’s adsorption isotherms were explained by the application of the Freundlich and Langmuir models. The kinetics of adsorption is represented by a pseudo-first and second-order equation. The morphology and structure of the Fe-BTC@ Sephadex, Co-BTC@ Sephadex, and Cu-BTC@Sephadex beads were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption capacities for creatinine were 545.69, 339.76, and 189.88 mg/g for Fe-BTC@ Sephadex, Cu-BTC@ Sephadex, and Co-BTC@ Sephadex, respectively, according to the results; the corresponding adsorption capacities for hippuric acid were 323.78, 206.79, and 68.059 mg/g, and the maximum adsorption capacities for p-Cresol sulfate were 122.65, 71.268, and 40.347 mg/g, respectively. These were, in fact, promising findings that have implications for an industrial-scale transportable artificial kidney.
Artificial intelligence to enhance the diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia
Abstract To provide an artificial intelligence (AI) method using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) to differentiate ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) from other lesions and compare the performance of well-known AI-related solutions. A dataset of 2,774 IVCM images, comprising OSSN and other ocular surface diseases was used to train three deep learning models: ResNet50V2, Yolov8x, and VGG19. These models were trained to identify OSSN-related lesions by recognizing specific visual features, including the “starry-sky” pattern, hyperkeratosis, mitotic figures and irregularly shaped epithelial cells. To mitigate class imbalance, a novel square-based data augmentation strategy was employed. Additionally, we implemented a few-shot learning model to enhance the precision of rare symptoms, such as mitosis. To enhance model interpretation, Shapley values and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) analysis were employed to explain decision-making processes. The AI models demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing healthy tissues from pathological ones, achieving over 90% accuracy across all models. In our binary classification task, all AI models had accuracy above 97% (precision ≥ 98%, recall ≥ 85%, F1 score ≥ 92%). The model achieved lower accuracy in 4 class labeled classification. Aggregation of cell-level results provided the best performance with an F1 score of 100%. The models successfully identified patient-specific features in IVCM images, suggesting that these images can act as “fingerprints”. Our AI model utilizing IVCM was able to classify OSSN with high accuracy. Moreover, cell-level classification results could be backpropagated to image-level and patient-level. The patient-specific information within IVCM images offers promise for personalized diagnostics and treatment monitoring in ocular oncology.