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Dynamic path planning of UAV with least inflection point based on adaptive neighborhood A* algorithm and multi-strategy fusion
Reversible actuation of fibrous artificial muscle under external compression load
An empirical evaluation of fuzzy bidirectional long short-term memory with soft computing based decision-making model for predicting volatility of cryptocurrencies
Heterogeneous Catalysis Expands the Toolbox for Chemoselective Peptide Derivatization and Labeling
Multi-indexes decision-making using PL-BWM and probabilistic linguistic three-way TOPSIS methods: a case study
A novel hybrid framework for efficient higher order ODE solvers using neural networks and block methods
Abstract In this paper, the author introduces the Neural-ODE Hybrid Block Method, which serves as a direct solution for solving higher-order ODEs. Many single and multi-step methods employed in numerical approximations lose their stability when applied in the solution of higher-order ODEs with oscillatory and/or exponential features, as in this case. A new hybrid approach is formulated and implemented, which incorporates both the approximate power of neural networks and the stability and robustness of block numerical methods. In particular, it uses the ability of the neural networks to approximate the solution spaces, utilizes the block method for the direct solution of the higher-order ODEs and avoids the conversion of these equations into a system of the first-order ODEs. If used in the analysis, the method is capable of dealing with several dynamic behaviors, such as stiff equations and boundary conditions. This paper presents the mathematical formulation, the architecture of the employed neural network and the choice of its parameters for the proposed hybrid model. In addition, the results derived from the convergence and stability analysis agree that the suggested technique is more accurate compared to the existing solvers and can handle stiff ODEs effectively. Numerical experiments with ordinary differential equations indicate that the method is fast and has high accuracy with linear and nonlinear problems, including simple harmonic oscillators, damped oscillatory systems and stiff nonlinear equations like the Van der Pol equation. The advantages of this approach are thought to be generalized to all scientific and engineering disciplines, such as physics, biology, finance, and other areas in which higher-order ODEs demand more precise solutions. The following also suggests potential research avenues for future studies as well: prospects of the proposed hybrid model in the multi-dimensional systems, application of the technique to the partial differential equations (PDEs), and choice of appropriate neural networks for higher efficiency.
Optimizing ethanol-modified supercritical CO₂ extraction for enhanced bioactive compound recovery in hemp seed oil
Quantifying forest degradation, deforestation and land use change in vital swift parrot breeding habitat
First report of a nearly complete comatulid crinoid (Comatulida, Echinodermata) from the Cretaceous of Australia
Abstract Finds of stalkless comatulid crinoids in the Southern Hemisphere are extremely rare and are almost exclusively of their centrodorsals. Complete or nearly complete specimens (centrodorsal with articulated arms, cirri and/or pinnules) are known from only a few localities. Here we report a comatulid fossil comprised of a centrodorsal, arms, and pinnules, assigned to Solanocrinitidae gen. et sp. indet. The shape of the centrodorsal; the arrangement, shape, and size of radials; and the morphology of the radial cavity suggest similarity of this fossil to Solanocrinites or Archaeometra rather than to Comatulina, Pachyantedon, or Palaeocomaster. It cannot be ruled out that the studied specimen belongs to Decameros with its relatively low and discoidal centrodorsal. In the light of last phylogenetic analysis both Solanocrinites and Decameros were recovered as part of a clade comprising Himerometroidea, Tropiometridae, and Asterometridae + Ptilometridae. The preserved arms of the Australian specimen reveals variation in the branching pattern, that can be attributed to the inaccurate regeneration of arms after autotomy. This find represents the second articulated comatulid (except of uintacrinids) which consists not only of the centrodorsal, but also having more or less complete arms and pinnules, from the Cretaceous of the Southern Hemisphere. It is also the first found from Australia. The only opalized crinoid known in the world is the stalked isocrinid (Isocrinida) Isocrinus australis. Thus, the present find is also the first record of an opalized comatulid crinoid worldwide. Additionally, the thin sections reveal the occurrence of transversal sections of pelagic roveacrinids (saccocomids), which are also the first from the Australian continent.
Tailoring Activation Intermediates of CO<sub>2</sub> Initiates C–N Coupling for Highly Selective Urea Electrosynthesis
Resilience as a mediator of quality of life in cancer patients in healthcare services
Preparation of ultramarine green pigments by recycling of the discarded molecular sieves for green vegetation spectral simulation
Optimizing sustainability: information aggregation in smart factories for energy efficiency enhancement
Conflict analysis of disputes in livelihood vulnerability assessment of flood using fuzzy TOPSIS method and GMCR with triangular fuzzy numbers
Spatial transcriptomics of the epipharynx in long COVID identifies SARS-CoV-2 signalling pathways and the therapeutic potential of epipharyngeal abrasive therapy
Abstract In this study, the critical role of the epipharynx in managing long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and in particular, how residual SARS-CoV-2 RNA affects signalling pathways in the epipharynx were investigated via spatial gene expression analysis (Visium HD). Moreover, we hypothesize that epipharyngeal abrasive therapy (EAT) targeting the epipharynx could improve long COVID symptoms by modulating local inflammation and gene expression. We conducted a comparative analysis of the gene expression profiles of three patients with long COVID and two control individuals without COVID-19. Residual SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the epipharynx of patients with long COVID, along with the activation of signalling pathways in epithelial and immune cells. After EAT, the viral RNA was either completely cleared or significantly reduced. T-cell receptor signalling pathways were suppressed; the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α, were reduced; and excessive antibody production was mitigated. Histology showed that EAT effectively eliminated the inflamed, dysfunctional ciliated epithelium. This study clarifies that SARS-CoV-2 has long-term effects on the immune response in the epipharynx, emphasizing the need to focus on chronic epipharyngitis as a potential cause of long COVID. Furthermore, EAT may offer a promising approach to alleviating persistent long COVID symptoms.