Browse Articles

Long term efficacy and safety of MICT of cardiopulmonary function in patients after TAVR extended follow up of ENERGY study

Flexible metal-organic framework films for reversible low-pressure carbon capture and release

Abstract Transitioning metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) from laboratory-scale to carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage applications (CCS) requires in-depth understanding of their adsorption properties and structural stability, especially for film assemblies. However, evaluating their performance is challenging, particularly under low or moderate CO2 pressure conditions, which are key for cost and performance efficiency. Herein, we explore the low-pressure CO2 uptake and release within flexible Zn-based MOF film structures with diverse ligand functionalities, employing quartz crystal microbalance, synchrotron radiation-based infrared spectromicroscopy and grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements. To investigate CO2 adsorption and its interaction with Zn-MOF pores, we exploited the framework’s flexibility by triggering structural changes and thus variations of the pore-environment using two stimuli, temperature and light. Results show considerable promise for stimuli-induced on-demand CO2 capture and release at low pressures, demonstrating structural reversibility under near-ambient conditions and highlighting the potential of tailored MOF film structures in advancing green CCS-technologies.

Quenching‐Induced Three‐Phase Heterostructured Catalysts for Oxygen Electrocatalysis with Lattice Oxygen Participation

Abstract Lattice oxygen‐mediated mechanism of oxygen evolution reaction can overcome the scaling relations‐induced limitations imposed by conventional adsorption evolution mechanism, but faces challenges in maximizing activation of lattice oxygen species. The flexible structure of three‐phase heterostructured catalysts provides the possibility for high‐performance electrocatalysis, yet still face the bottleneck of synthesis difficulty and insufficient regulation. Herein, a facile quenching route is proposed for the synthesis of core‐shell catalysts, and the influence mechanism of three‐phase heterostructure on quenching engineering is elucidated. High‐temperature LaNiO 3 nanoparticles are quenched in FeSO 4 solution to construct a LaNiO 3 /Fe(OH) 3 core‐shell structure by inducing rapid hydrolysis of Fe 2+ . The differential thermal expansion coefficient between LaNiO 3 and Fe 2 O 3 , as well as the three‐phase interfaces composed of core‐shell structure and amorphous/crystalline phases in Fe 2 O 3 shell, result in significant surface/interface regulation for LaNiO 3 /Fe 2 O 3 core‐shell catalysts during re‐quenching in Co(NO 3 ) 2 solution, including richer lattice distortion and defects, and more heteroatom doping. The derived three‐phase heterostructured catalysts exhibit significantly improved oxygen electrocatalytic activity with lattice oxygen participation, and the assembled liquid zinc–air batteries show excellent output power density and cycling performance. Our finding provides important insights into the synthesis of three‐phase heterostructured catalysts and the regulation of heterogeneous interfaces through quenching engineering.

Delays reduce culprit-presence detection but do not affect guessing-based selection in response to lineups

Abstract Police lineups are conducted with varying delays between the crime and the lineup. Crime-to-lineup delays may adversely affect the detection of the presence and absence of the culprit in the lineup and may potentially affect guessing-based selection. In the present study we examined how these processes change across four crime-to-lineup delays. Participants viewed a staged-crime video and then completed simultaneous photo lineups after no delay or after a delay of one day, one week or one month. The results showed a significant decline in the probability of culprit-presence detection. The form of the decline is best described by a power function with the most rapid decline occurring at short crime-to-lineup delays. Eyewitnesses did not compensate the decline in culprit-presence detection by increasing guessing-based selection, as demonstrated by the fact that the probability of guessing-based selection remained constant across crime-to-lineup delays. The findings underscore the critical importance of conducting lineups as soon as possible after a crime to maximize the probability of memory-based-culprit detection.

Cell surface crowding is a tunable energetic barrier to cell-cell fusion

Abstract Cell-cell fusion is fundamental to processes such as muscle formation and viral infection. An essential step in fusion is close membrane apposition, but cell membranes are crowded with proteins, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, which must be cleared before a fusion pore can be nucleated. Here, we find that cell surface crowding reduces fusogenicity independent of how fusion is driven. We estimate that crowding presents an energetic barrier to membrane apposition on the scale of ~ $${100k}_{{\mbox{B}}}T$$ 100 k B T , greater than that of bare membrane fusion alone. We show that increasing cell surface crowding reduces fusion efficiency of PEG-mediated and fusogen-mediated cell-cell fusion, as well as synthetic membranes under force. Interestingly, we find that differentiating myoblasts naturally decrease their surface crowding prior to fusion. In this work, we show that cell surface crowding presents an underappreciated biophysical barrier that may be tuned developmentally and could be targeted externally to control tissue-specific cell-cell fusion.

Women’s empowerment and nutritional outcomes in India

“Gene‐Editing” Design Upgrades Eutectic‐Polymer Electrolytes with Ultra‐High Li ⁺ Conductivity

Abstract Deep eutectic polymer electrolytes (DEPEs) have emerged as highly promising next‐generation electrolytes, offering unparalleled electrochemical performance and safety. Their excellence stems from a synergistic blend of the robust mechanical stability of solid polymer electrolytes and the exceptional interfacial wettability and superior thermal resilience of deep eutectic electrolytes. However, conventional DEPEs frequently exhibit suboptimal Li + conductivity due to strong coordination between Li + and oxygen‐containing polymer moieties. Inspired by the concept of ‘gene‐editing’ in biology, we propose a novel deep eutectic polymer electrolyte (GEPE) with precisely tailored molecular architectures This approach exploits the steric hindrance and electron‐withdrawing inductive effects from isophorone diisocyanate‐derived segments to reduce Li + ‐polymer interactions, thereby enabling an extraordinary ionic conductivity of 3.00 mS cm⁻¹ at 25 °C and a Li + transference number of 0.61. Remarkably, GEPE exhibits extraordinary cycling stability in Li||Li symmetric cells for over 3000 h, demonstrating dendrite‐free Li metal deposition during prolonged cycling. Moreover, the assembled lithium metal batteries demonstrate exceptional electrochemical performance when incorporating diverse cathodes, including LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , and LiFePO 4 . Notably, the Li|GEPE|LiFePO 4 cells achieve an impressive nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency and remarkable long‐term stability over 10 000 cycles at 5C.

Multilingual sentiment analysis in restaurant reviews using aspect focused learning

Tailoring Coordination Microenvironment of Nickel Molecular Complexes for Electrooxidation of Organic Nucleophiles

Abstract Electrochemical oxidation of organic nucleophiles to value‐added chemicals using nickel‐based catalysts is promising yet hindered by the dynamic evolution of nickel coordination structures during catalysis. Herein, we engineered atomically exposed nickel molecular catalysts anchored on functional carbon black through tailored aromatic ligands coordination. This unique spatial coordination structure efficiently promotes the reconstruction of high‐valence Ni III ‐OOH sites, which boost electrooxidation of 18 organic substrates with peak current density exceeding 800 mA cm −2 . Especially, the optimal electrocatalyst achieves record mass activities of 4.38 and 4.26 A mg Ni −1 for methanol and ethylene glycol oxidation, respectively. In situ characterization and theoretical analyses elucidate that the atomically exposed Ni III ‐OOH centers would directly adsorb organic substrates, thereby enhancing C─C/C─H bonds cleavage efficiency. Meanwhile, the proton abstraction from C─H bond would enable reversible redox cycling between Ni II ‐OH and Ni III ‐OOH, sustaining catalytic activity. This study advances the understanding of organic oxidation mechanisms and showcases the great potential of molecular complexes in electrocatalysis.

Mathematical methods to model double strip cylindrical fruit preserver using water as heat absorber

Thermally Activated Sensitized Fluorescence Enables Efficient Carbon Quantum Dot‐Based Electroluminescent LEDs with Current Efficiency of 31 cd A ⁻¹

Abstract Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are gaining increasing attention as eco‐friendly alternatives to conventional heavy‐metal‐based QDs for full‐color displays and solid‐state lighting. However, the performance of CQD‐based light‐emitting diodes (CQD‐LEDs) remains significantly lower than their heavy‐metal counterparts, primarily due to the substantial energy loss from triplet excitons during electrical excitation and the reduced quantum yield (QY) in solid films. Here, we present the demonstration of bright and efficient electroluminescent LEDs based on a thermally activated sensitized fluorescence (TSF) mechanism, employing a new class of solid‐state emissive (SSE) CQDs that exhibit efficient orange emission in the solid state and bright green emission when doped into host materials, with a QY exceeding 80%. By employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials as both hosts and sensitizers, along with highly efficient CQDs as dopants, we significantly enhance exciton utilization through effective Förster energy transfer from sensitizers to CQDs. This strategy results in bright, efficient green CQD‐LEDs, achieving a maximum luminance of approximately 16,000 cd m −2 and a record‐high current efficiency of 31 cd A −1 . This work provides a straightforward and universal strategy for creating efficient SSE CQD‐LEDs using the TSF strategy.

Comparison of Niosomal formulation of citrus limon peel extracts and doxorubicin effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Real-world study of first-line immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and recurrence patterns of first-line immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. A retrospective analysis of 79 eligible ESCC patients was conducted. Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), with secondary outcomes being objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DOR), treatment-related adverse events (trAEs), and treatment failure patterns. The median follow-up was 29.4 months, with median OS unreached and median PFS of 14.6 months (95% CI 10.7–18.5). ORR was 82.3%, and DOR was 96.2%. Factors affecting OS were clinical stage, immunotherapy cycles, immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy sequence, radiation coverage, mid-treatment lymphocyte count, and short-term efficacy (HR = 2.254, 0.374, 2.653, 2.957, 2.309, 2.789; P  = 0.030, 0.019, 0.009, 0.004, 0.001, 0.014). Factors impacting PFS were clinical stage, immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy, and post-treatment lymphocyte count (HR = 2.135, 2.048, 1.911; P  = 0.007, 0.010, 0.001). Among the cohort, 46.8% experienced treatment failure, with 33 receiving second-line treatment, resulting in a median OS of 14.17 months (95% CI 7.303–21.037) and 1- and 2-year OS rates of 56.7% and 24.3%. Notably, 36.7% experienced grade ≥ 2 trAEs, bone marrow suppression most commonly happened, and 5.1% developed esophageal fistulas. Immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy demonstrates strong anti-tumor activity and tolerability in ESCC patients, The radiation for all leisions, sequential immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy, and higher levels of lymph node cell counts are associated with a better prognosis. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed for further validation.

DFT investigation of therapeutic potential of benzimidazolone capsule as a drug delivery vehicle for anticancer drug

Modulating Diffusion Kinetics and Interfacial Stability via In‐Situ Constructed Self‐Healing Interfaces for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anodes

Abstract Commercial Zn anodes contain inherent manufacturing defects, such as scratches, rough surfaces, fold lines, and microcracks. These surface defects damage the uniformity of the interfacial electric field, exacerbate hydrogen evolution problem and dendrite growth. Herein, a self‐healing polymer interface is constructed by unsaturated N ‐(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide molecules (NHMA) self‐polymerization. The layer effectively suppresses the detrimental tip effect and enhances the interface stability. Meanwhile, it synergistically facilitates the diffusion kinetics of Zn ions and regulates orientated deposition, thereby enabling an efficient repair of scratches on the Zn surface. Furthermore, the NHMA with acylamino and hydroxyl groups is capable of modulating the hydrogen bond network and solvation structure of the electrolyte, further improving the stability of the electrode–electrolyte interface. Benefiting from the enhanced diffusion kinetics and stable NHMA‐derived interfaces, the fabricated symmetrical battery demonstrates a 50‐fold improvement in cycle life under various testing conditions. Moreover, the full battery can maintain a capacity of 101.8 mAh g −1 after 3000 cycles at 5 A g −1 (1.5 times higher than bare Zn//NH 4 V 4 O 10 ). This work establishes a novel framework for rational electrolyte engineering and interfacial modulation in aqueous Zn metal batteries, offering fresh perspectives for future research toward practical energy storage applications.

A truth inference scheme for crowdsourcing using NLP and swin transformers

Abstract Crowdsourcing has become a prevalent method for data collection across various domains, offering a scalable and cost-effective solution. However, ensuring the reliability of crowdsourced data remains a significant challenge due to the varying expertise of contributors and the complexity of tasks. Truth inference aims to derive high-quality and accurate answers from heterogeneous and noisy responses for crowdsourcing tasks. In order to address these challenges, we propose a truth inference model that integrates Natural Language Processing with transfer learning using Swin transformers. Unlike traditional transformer architectures, the Swin transformer employs a shifted windowing technique that effectively captures both local and global contextual features in textual data. This approach helps to generate more accurate embedding representations, specifically fine-tuned for nuances of crowdsourced tasks. By incorporating the Swin transformer, our model dynamically refines contributor reliability scores and task difficulty estimates, resulting in a more accurate truth inference. Experimental evaluations on multiple crowdsourcing datasets demonstrate that our approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in accuracy, scalability, and robustness, particularly under noisy and complex task conditions.

Anion Vacancies Triggered Spin Polarization Enables Efficient Piezocatalysis for Water Cleanup

Abstract The conversion of aromatic organic pollutants into value‐added chemical feedstocks is still suffering from sluggish carbon reduction kinetics with spin‐forbidden transitions. Here, we report an anion vacancy‐triggered spin polarization strategy to efficiently convert phenol into carbon monoxide (CO) with fast kinetics. The creating Se vacancies (V se ) stimulate the spin polarization of both Fe and Mo in Fe single atom modified MoSe 2 (Fe/MoSe 2 ), in which spin polarization can enhance the quantity of spin electrons and facilitate the transport of electrons that share the same spin direction with greater efficiency in charge separation. Batch experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the unpaired spin electrons of Fe and Mo atoms not only accelerate the formation and immobilization of key intermediate *COOH, but also provide spin electrons for *COOH further cleavage with a lower reaction energy barrier. Moreover, profiting from the crucial bridging role of peroxydisulfate (PDS), phenol can be first oxidized to carbonate/CO 2 through PDS activation and then provide a sufficient carbon source for CO formation with favorable reaction kinetics. Impressively, the Fe/MoSe 2 piezocatalysis coupled with PDS exhibits 298.28 µmol·g −1 CO production rate for phenol degradation with over 60 h durability.

Enhancing 1D ionic conductivity in lithium manganese iron phosphate with low-energy optical phonons

Rendering algorithm for 3D model of goods in power warehouse based on linear interpolation and 2D texture mapping

Unlocking Ultrafast‐Kinetics Asymmetric Heterojunction with Multi‐Anionic Redox Chemistry Enables High Energy/Power Density and Low‐Temperature Zinc‐Ion Batteries

Abstract The development of high‐performance Zn‐ion batteries is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and inadequate redox activity in conventional vanadium‐based cathodes. Herein, a thermal oxidation phase‐engineering strategy is proposed to construct a comprising VSSe core and oxygen‐enriched VO 2 and V 2 O 5 interfaces triple‐phase heterojunction cathode. This unique architecture leverages a significantly increased specific surface area, which facilitates rapid electrode–electrolyte interactions and boosts pseudocapacitive contributions. This integrated structure, featuring optimized coordination environments and interfaces, promotes synergistic multi‐anionic (S/Se/O) and cationic (V) redox activity and facilitates efficient charge transfer across the interfaces, overcoming intrinsic limitations of capacity and structural instability often observed in single‐phase materials, especially during prolonged cycling. This optimized cathode achieves a record‐high reversible capacity of 432 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 , surpassing mild‐oxidized and over‐oxidized VSSe counterparts. Remarkably, it retains 80% capacity after 14 000 cycles at 30 A g −1 under cryogenic conditions of −10 °C, demonstrating unprecedented low‐temperature durability. The structure–function relationship of heterojunction is driven by enhanced p–d orbital hybridization and spin polarization effects at the heterointerfaces, contributing to the improved redox activity and kinetics. This work establishes a design paradigm for engineering multi‐phase heterojunction electrodes with tailored surface area and interfacial properties for next‐generation energy storage systems.