Browse Articles

The effects of an integrated sports and arts intervention on response joint attention (RJA) eye-movement characteristics in children with mild autism

Audio long read: How to detect consciousness in people, animals and maybe even AI

Educational inequalities in sun protection practices among Brazilian adults

Daily briefing: There are two kinds of beer drinkers — these are the flavours that divide them

Association of retinal layer thickness with brain volume and cortical thickness in older adults

Early body temperature trajectories and short term prognosis in sepsis associated acute kidney injury

Why scientists are flocking to Substack

Design and test of analog-to-digital converters with enhanced test strategies using built in self test

Author Correction: Interactions of boron nitride nanosheet with amino acids of differential polarity

Evaluation of peri-implant health and whole salivary cortisol levels in adults with mental health disorders

Computational insights and experimental breakthroughs in identifying next-generation acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Leveraging data analytics to revolutionize cybersecurity with machine learning and deep learning

Patterns of long-term opioid therapy with prior nonpharmacologic pain management utilization

Synthetic data generation method improves risk prediction model for early tumor recurrence after surgery in patients with pancreatic cancer

Deep learning and fractal-wavelet techniques for magnetite-apatite exploration in Tarom Iran

Carbon coated Fe0.65Ni0.30Mn0.05 magnetically separable adsorbent for phenanthrene removal

Abstract Fe0.65Ni0.30Mn0.05 invar alloy was produced via the polyol process, employing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution in varying weight ratios (50% and 66% PVA), and carbonized at different temperatures in argon (Ar) atmosphere to create a magnetic core-shell structure of Fe0.65Ni0.30Mn0.05@C. The structural, morphological, and magnetic characteristics of the prepared material were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The carbonization process applied to these samples enhances their suitability for the adsorption of weakly polar or nonpolar organic molecules. The performance analysis of the synthesized magnetic adsorbent indicates that the sample prepared using 66% PVA, annealed at 550 °C , achieved the highest removal efficiency of 99.5% for phenanthrene as a model compound for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous media. The adsorption process described by the Temkin model is adept at exploring the relationship between indirect interactions among adsorbates and the adsorbent. This includes the initial interaction of adsorbate molecules with the most energetic sites, followed by subsequent interactions influenced by the presence of already adsorbed molecules. This is also confirmed by the compliance with the second-order kinetics. The optimum sample exhibits a superparamagnetic property with high saturation magnetism (22 emu/g), facilitating its recovery from treated water effluent via magnetic separation. Conclusively, the synthesized magnetic adsorbent materials show great potential as effective solutions for the remediation of water contaminated with PAHs.

Optimization of needle punched nonwoven filter media for enhanced dust filtration performance

Enhanced efficiency of zinc oxide hydroxyapatite nanocomposite in photodegradation of methylene blue, ciprofloxacin, and in wastewater treatment

Abstract In this study, we report the improved photocatalytic performance of Hydroxyapatite-incorporated Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite (ZnO@HAp), synthesized using a simple precipitation method. The catalyst was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR), Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of ZnO@HAp was confirmed by XRD, FT-IR, EDAX, and XPS. SEM images of the ZnO@HAp reveal that the particles were agglomerated, and spherical-shaped ZnO particles were present on the surface of HAp.The presence of particles in various forms, such as spherical and hexagonal structures, is visible on the surface of pure HAp in the TEM images of the material. The XPS analysis confirmed the presence and chemical states of essential elements (Zn, O, Ca, and P) in the ZnO@HAp composite. The photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized composite was evaluated by the degradation of organic pollutants, including methylene blue and ciprofloxacin, as well as in domestic sludge water treatment. The removal efficiencies of 96.6% for methylene blue (30 min), 62% for ciprofloxacin (150 min), and 88% COD reduction in domestic sludge were observed. This composite gives remarkable degradation performance due to its stability and good photocatalytic properties. The results obtained from the prepared ZnO@HAp composite, compared to ZnO and pure HAp, showed higher photocatalytic efficiency with long-term stability, without any changes in the ZnO@HAp characteristics after five consecutive runs. The enhanced properties of the ZnO@HAp composite make it a promising candidate for environmental remediation applications, offering an effective solution for pollutant degradation in wastewater treatment.

Loneliness among emerging adults in rural reservation-based communities: longitudinal effects of 12th grade substance use and mental health symptoms

Longitudinal retinal functional evaluation using full-field electroretinography in New Zealand white and Dutch Belted rabbits with aging

Abstract Electroretinography (ERG) is pivotal in elucidating retinal function, yet investigations into the temporal dynamics of ERG signals in New Zealand White (NZW) and Dutch-belted (DB) rabbits remain scarce. This study presents a longitudinal assessment of retinal function in both NZW and DB strains. ERG recordings were conducted on four NZW and four DB rabbits at 2, 7, 15, and 24 months of age, encompassing both dark-adapted and light-adapted protocols at each time point. Quantitative analyses included assessment of a- and b-wave amplitudes, implicit times, and photopic flicker responses. Results revealed consistently stronger a- and b-wave amplitudes in NZW rabbits compared to DB rabbits across all time points. These stronger ERG responses likely result from increased effective light exposure at the photoreceptor level in NZW rabbits, rather than indicating intrinsic differences in retinal sensitivity. Over time, NZW rabbits showed a decline in visual function of the cone and postreceptoral systems, with the rod system less affected. In contrast, the visual function of DB rabbits initially improved at an early stage, followed by a slight decline after 15 months. The differences between the two strains may be attributed to the varying speeds of retinal maturation, melanin’s absorption of light, and its protective effect against light-induced retinal damage. This dataset underscores the differential retinal characteristics between NZW and DB rabbits, shedding light on their distinct functional profiles.