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Temporal dynamics of CBT emotion regulation training in patients with major depression using ecological momentary assessment
Abstract Rumination is known to have a negative impact on both the process of psychotherapy as well as the development of depressive symptoms and even the probability of relapses in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Therefore, treatment approaches focusing on strategies to overcome rumination have been developed over the last decades, e.g., by improving emotion regulation. However, little is yet known about the specific mechanisms of action of psychotherapy between sessions, and in particular analyses of time-dependent changes are scarce. Therefore, we used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect data related to psychotherapy and well-being twice a day during a mindfulness-based emotion regulation training (MBERT). To this end, 40 patients suffering from MDD participated in a block-randomized controlled trial, consisting of an eight-session MBERT and an active wait-list control. Results give further support to the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy in the treatment of MDD by showing its effects in ecologically valid circumstances: Throughout MBERT, subjective stress and rumination decreased, whereas self-efficacy, self-kindness, mindful distancing and sleep quality increased. While internal causes and social interactions initially had a strong impact on subjective stress and rumination, patients were less vulnerable to such triggers after receiving MBERT. Regarding the temporal dynamics of these changes, self-efficacy, self-kindness and mindful distancing reciprocally enhanced each other, followed by a reduction in stress later on. The robustness and implications of the results are discussed.
Mechanisms underlying the alleviation of negative emotions from social exclusion by interpersonal emotion regulation
Histamine as a mediator of cross-talk between human lung mast cells and macrophages
HPV negative conversion following Hiporfin PDT for HPV associated HSIL in the female lower reproductive tract
Mesenchymal stem cells suppress NF-κB and ERK signalling while enhancing chemotaxis in CD4+ T cells
Abstract Inflammation is regulated by immune cells, with CD4 + T cells playing a key role in its progression and resolution. Modulating their response is crucial for controlling inflammation, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic target due to their immunomodulatory properties. We previously showed that umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) induce a memory response in TCR-activated CD4 + T cells, and here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms through gene expression analysis at different time points. Our results demonstrated that TCR activation is required for UC-MSCs to induce this memory response. Pathway analysis revealed that UC-MSCs induced the expression of genes that negatively regulate immune signalling pathways. This was further supported by phosphoflow cytometry, which showed suppression of the NF-κB and ERK pathways. Additionally, UC-MSCs enhanced the expression of genes related to CD4 + T cell adhesion and migration at 12 and 24 h. Notably, TNIP1 emerged as a potential key regulator of UC-MSCs-mediated immune modulation. This study provides new insights into how UC-MSCs influence CD4 + T cell responses and highlights molecular targets for further investigation into UC-MSCs-driven immune regulation.