Browse Articles

Broader horizons for cereblon glue degraders

Predictive factors for the development of macular neovascularization in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

Abstract This single-center, retrospective study analyzed the development of macular neovascularization (MNV) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) during a treatment-free follow-up period and the factors associated with its development. In total, 236 patients (280 eyes, 149 males and 87 females, mean age 55.3 ± 13.9 years) with treatment-naïve CSCR with no MNV detected on multimodal imaging who were observed for > 6 months were assessed. The association between age, sex, the presence of MNV, central choroidal thickness (CCT), the presence of the double-layer sign (DLS), and the cumulative duration of the persistence of serous retinal detachment (SRD) was also analyzed to determine the visual outcome before the onset of MNV. Twenty-eight (10%) eyes developed MNV over a mean follow-up period of 48.3 ± 43.3 months. The persistence of SRD for ≥ 6 months (p = 0.003) and presence of DLS measuring ≥ 1000 μm in length and < 100 μm in height (p = 0.040) exhibited significant associations with the development of MNV. Furthermore, the persistence of SRD for ≥ 6 months showed a significant association with logMAR visual acuity loss of ≥ 0.3 (p = 0.0009). Thus, the persistence of SRD for ≥ 6 months and numerically defined DLS were identified as predictors for the development of MNV in patients with CSCR.

Trends in the development of cellular and gene therapy in China

Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and computational studies of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with vitamin E and clove essential oil

Oncolytic virus drought continues, as Replimune fails to secure FDA cancer approval

Sustainable biodiesel production from cottonseed oil using a nickel-doped eggshell heterogeneous catalyst optimized via response surface methodology

In vivo CAR T cells gain traction, with AbbVie’s US$2.1 billion acquisition of Capstan Therapeutics

Biochemical responses in Salvia limbata CA Mey. towards mercury and lead induced in vitro oxidative stress

Mimicking the health benefits of exercise

3D printed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory scaffold containing vanillin-loaded Soluplus nanomicelles for healing of infected wounds

De novo design of macrocycles

Predicting factors associated with anxiety by patients undergoing treatment for infectious diseases using a random-forest machine learning approach

Neoantigen-targeting vaccine treats melanoma

A de novo variant of RERE was identified in a patient with neurodevelopmental disorder, enuresis and scoliosis

PDE5 inhibitor restores dendritic cell migration

Deep learning model using squeezenet and promoted ideal gas molecular motion for music genre classification from audio spectrograms

Engineering PdAu/CeO ₂ Alloy/Oxide Interfaces for Selective Methane‐to‐Methanol Conversion with Water

Abstract The direct conversion of methane‐to‐methanol remains a critical challenge in methane valorization. In this study, we unveil the crucial role of PdAu/CeO 2 catalysts in enabling selective methane transformation under mild conditions, using only water as the sole oxidant. Through a combination of experimental techniques, including XPS and catalytic testing, alongside density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that a Pd 0.3 Au 0.7 /CeO 2 catalyst, which predominantly exposes isolated Pd atoms, achieves remarkable methanol selectivity (∼80%) at 500 K with a 1:1 methane‐to‐water ratio. While Pd/CeO 2 efficiently activates methane, its tendency for overreaction leads to complete methanol decomposition, thereby limiting selectivity. Alloying Pd with Au on ceria mitigates this over‐reactivity, preventing methanol degradation while maintaining sufficient catalytic activity. The PdAu/CeO 2 composite exhibits a synergistic effect: Pd in contact with the ceria support facilitates methane activation and water dissociation, while Au fine‐tunes reactivity to promote methanol formation. DFT calculations confirm that isolated Pd sites at the PdAu/CeO 2 interface play a key role in balancing activity and selectivity. This work underscores the importance of alloy/oxide interfaces in controlling selective methane conversion with water and offers valuable insights for designing highly efficient catalysts for methanol synthesis.

Event-triggered smart dual hormone artificial pancreas for patient-specific drug delivery

Research on train wheel point cloud registration algorithm based on key points by fusing Super-4PCS and ICP

Comparative study of advanced hydrogen liquefaction using triple cascade mixed refrigerant cycles with integrated energy exergy economic and environmental analysis

Abstract Hydrogen, as a clean energy source, is recognized as a pivotal energy carrier in the global transition to sustainable energy systems and serves as a crucial pathway for energy storage and efficient utilization within cryogenic systems. Hydrogen liquefaction is one of the most promising methods for increasing its energy density, enabling more efficient storage, transportation, and utilization in large-scale energy systems. However, substantial challenges persist, particularly regarding the high energy consumption associated with the liquefaction process. This study addresses these challenges by proposing two designs for a triple-cascade mixed refrigerant cycle aimed explicitly at reducing energy consumption for high-density hydrogen storage: 66.7 kg/m 3 at − 245 °C (Case 1) and 76 kg/m 3 at − 249 °C (Case 2). The proposed systems utilize two mixed refrigerant cycles for the precooling and cryogenic stages. In Case 1, pure nitrogen is employed as the third refrigerant in the precooling stage, whereas Case 2 incorporates a regenerative cryogenic hydrogen cycle as the third refrigerant throughout the entire system, coupled with a carbon dioxide cycle for compressor cooling. Simulations were conducted using Aspen HYSYS, with optimization through the Aspen Optimizer algorithm. The results indicate that Case 1 achieves a specific energy consumption (SEC) of 6.98 kWh/kgH₂, representing a 17.4% reduction from the baseline, while Case 2 reduces SEC to 6.19 kWh/kgH₂, a 14.5% decrease. The exergy analysis of the heat exchangers shows a 37% reduction in exergy destruction in Case 2 compared to Case 1. Additionally, Case 2 demonstrates a 5.8% reduction in capital expenditure and a 22% reduction in carbon footprint (CFP). These findings highlight the potential of the proposed triple-cascade process to enhance energy efficiency, improve both thermodynamic and economic performance, and reduce environmental impact.