Browse Articles

Retraction Note: Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo subsp. ovifera) decoction promotes Trichinella spiralis expulsion during intestinal phase via “Weep and Sweep” mechanism

Ultraconjugated Electron–Proton Transfer Mechanism in the Product Selectivity-Controllable Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Binary Primary Alcohols

Climate change-driven northward expansion of the mediterranean orchid Ophrys apifera from genetic and ecological perspectives

Directed Halogen Atom Transfer (DIXAT): A Powerful Tool for Chemoselective Generation of Aryl Radicals Toward Remote C(sp³)–H Functionalization of Aliphatic Amines

Comorbidities associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the United States

Molecular Engineering of a Conductive Metal–Organic Framework for Ultrasensitive, Rapid, Selective, and Reversible Sensing of Nitric Oxide

Impact of two-dimensional dosimetric leaf gap on SRS-VMAT for single-isocenter multi-target brain metastases

The Structure of Human IAPP Fibrils Reflects Membrane and pH Conditions

Identification and verification of XDH genes in ROS induced oxidative stress response of osteoarthritis based on bioinformatics analysis

Control of Indodicarbocyanine Dimer Geometry Using Variable-Length Linkers to DNA Scaffolds

Optimizing dance motion reconstruction using a two-dimensional matrix approach with hybrid genetic and fuzzy logic differential evolution

Peripheral cytokine and monocyte phenotype associations in drug-resistant epilepsy

Abstract Novel therapeutic targets are required to develop new treatments to lower the rates of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This study assessed differences in plasma inflammatory biomarker concentrations and monocyte phenotype and function in patients with DRE versus psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Luminex was used to analyse plasma samples from 21 DRE cases and 19 PNES controls for concentrations of selected cytokines and chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1). Flow cytometry was used to quantify the percentage of monocytes expressing HLADR, CD14, CD16, CD11b, P2X7R and their median fluorescence intensity (MFI) ratio in 22 DRE and 11 PNES patients. Flow cytometry was used to assess P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) pore function via YO-PRO-1 uptake. No difference in cytokine and CHI3L1 concentrations was seen. Compared to PNES, DRE had a higher percentage of ‘classical’ monocytes (CD14++CD16−) and less ‘non-classical’ monocytes (CD14−CD16+). The percentage of ‘classical’ monocytes expressing P2X7R was increased in DRE compared to PNES. CD11b MFI ratio was increased in ‘classical’ and ‘intermediate’ (CD14+CD16+) monocytes. P2X7R pore function was similar between groups. Overall, while cytokine levels were similar between groups, the differences in monocyte phenotype indicates a more ‘proinflammatory’ circulating innate immune state in DRE. Thus, monocytes may be a novel therapeutic target for future research.

Balanced Iodophilicity and Solvophilicity Unlocks Fast Iodine Conversion Chemistry

Automatic robot design for fault-tolerant robots

The Overlooked Stereoisomers of the Ionizable Lipid ALC315

The effect of over-the-counter analgesics on changes to the sensory sensitivity of patients treated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

HOCl/ClONO_<b>2</b> Catalytic Cycle: Promotion of the Reactive Uptake of N₂O₅ at the Air–Water Interface

The optimal substrate choice for effective biosensors based on THz metasurfaces

Abstract This article explores the impact of substrate choice on the sensitivity of sensors that utilize metallic terahertz metasurfaces as the actuating element. While terahertz metasurfaces represent a rapidly evolving field, fundamental research remains essential and highly impactful. A critical component of any metasurface is the dielectric substrate on which it is fabricated – a factor that holds significance across all spectral ranges. This work focuses specifically on metallic terahertz metasurfaces operating in transmission mode. It provides an overview of various substrates (Ge, Si, SiO₂, TPX) and discusses design principles for such metasurfaces, including magnetic and electric dipole surface plasmon resonances, Fano resonances, and quasi-bound states in the continuum. We initially simulated the structures using COMSOL Multiphysics software and then confirmed the results experimentally by detecting various concentrations of bovine serum albumin. Our study systematically examines how real-metal modeling and substrate selection influence the Q-factor and sensing performance, in contrast to earlier research that either fixed the substrate type or modeled the metal as a perfect electric conductor. This dual approach provides valuable guidance for designing high-Q, low-loss terahertz metasurface biosensors. Our results demonstrate that for all types of terahertz metasurfaces operating in transmission mode, using a low-refractive-index substrate enhances sensor sensitivity, making it the preferred choice for sensing applications. This opens new prospects for the design of high-sensitivity biosensors.

Structural Elucidation of Nucleophilic Compounds through Synergistic Coordination and Hydrogen Bonding in a Metal–Organic Framework

Coverage optimization of wireless sensor network utilizing an improved CS with multi-strategies