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Knowledge, attitude, and practice of orthodontic treatment among student patients preparing for or undergoing treatment
Functional immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myeloablative and non-myeloablative conditioned patients
Associations between oxidative balance score and chronic kidney disease events in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross‑sectional study
Lessons learned from RadiologyNET foundation models for transfer learning in medical radiology
Mechanistic insights into gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis
Fine structural design of 3βHSD1 inhibitors for prostate cancer therapy
Prostate cancer is a global health challenge, particularly for patients resistant to the second-generation anti-androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. The steroidogenic enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (3βHSD1) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target and the corresponding inhibitors, biochanin-A (BCA) and its derivatives, suppress tumor growth in preclinical models and patients. However, the poor oral bioavailability of BCA hinders its clinical application. Here, we employed a sophisticated computational approach to refine the structural design of 3βHSD1 inhibitors. AlphaFold2 was utilized to construct detailed models of 3βHSD1 binding to various substrates. These models, in conjunction with the elucidated enzymatic mechanism of 3βHSD1, guided the optimization of a series of BCA-related compounds. Our structure–activity relationship studies identified HEAL-116 as a potent 3βHSD1 inhibitor. HEAL-116 exhibited enhanced binding specificity to the substrate-binding pocket of 3βHSD1 and effectively neutralized the local charge environment. The incorporation of hydrophilic groups in its structure also markedly enhanced its oral bioavailability. HEAL-116 robustly inhibited 3βHSD1 activity and exerted pronounced antitumor effect in biochemical, cellular, and mouse models. Our findings lay the foundation for the clinical translation of 3βHSD1 inhibitors, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of prostate cancer and potentially other diseases.
High GOLT1A expression induces poor prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Effect of ultrasonic atomization parameters on AlSi12 aluminum powder characteristics for additive manufacturing
Aggressive serous ovarian cancer subtype defined by high centrality lncRNA profiles and master transcription factors
Design evaluation of automatic bearing offset adjustment for marine propeller shaft
Identification of pyroptosis related genes and subtypes in atherosclerosis using multiomic and single cell analysis
Questioning the effectiveness of composite Polishing systems by crosschecking profilometer and dental microscope outcomes
Areconfigurable coding acoustic metasurface for multifunctional beam manipulation
Synthesis and characterization of Zn and Fe doped magnetic biochar from Acacia falcata leaves for Cr(VI) adsorption
Abstract Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a toxic pollutant extensively utilized across multiple industries, necessitates effective treatment using low-cost and sustainable materials. In this research, magnetic biochar (MBC) was prepared using Acacia falcata leaves through chemical treatment with ZnCl2 and incorporating Fe3O4 nanoparticles using FeCl3·6H2O as a precursor. BET analysis revealed a specific surface area of 248.11 m2/g and FESEM images showed a highly porous structure with uniformly embedded Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which became smoother and more compact after Cr(VI) removal. XRD spectra confirmed the incorporation of Fe3O4 through distinct (311) and (440) peaks, matching the cubic spinel structure, while VSM data revealed a magnetic saturation of 5.44 emu/g. XPS analysis indicated the participation of carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, and Fe3O4 groups in Cr(VI) reduction and adsorption. Batch experiments identified an optimum pH of 2, a MBC dose of 0.4 g/L, and a contact time of 3 h. The adsorption data followed the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity was 25.62 mg/g at 303 K, and thermodynamic studies confirmed that Cr(VI) removal was spontaneous and endothermic. The enthalpy and entropy values for Cr(VI) adsorption were 17.71 kJ/mol and 63.22 J/mol·K, respectively. Reusability studies, conducted at the optimum pH of 2 and a MBC dose of 1.4 g/L, demonstrated that MBC could be reused for up to five cycles. MBC effectively removed over 97.80% of Cr(VI) from various water sources, highlighting its potential for Cr(VI) remediation.
An Institution-based cross-sectional study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding sleep hygiene and its impact on academic performance among students
Introduction: Sleep hygiene of college students’ habits and practices in the environmental setting that promote good sleep tends to go unnoticed, leading to poor quality of sleep and poorer academic performance. The current research was conducted with the aim of evaluating knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of students of Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Mangalore regarding sleep hygiene and academic performance. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey among 289 students (53.98% female) was carried out in the form of a structured internet questionnaire during January to April 2025. Information on KAP regarding sleep hygiene was collected and presented with descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies, percentages, and 95% CIs. Results: There was moderate awareness with 63.7% being aware of sleep hygiene and 74.7% being aware of sleeping-conducive habits but only 34.6% actually knowing 8–9 hours as recommended sleeping time. The majority (83.4%) believed school required sleep, and 97.6% related stress to bad sleep. Nevertheless, 51.2% slept only 4–6 hours on college nights, and 85.1% used electronic media prior to bedtime. Unexpectedly, 77.5% admitted having dozed off in school, and 96.2% thought sleep loss impaired concentration. Conclusion: There is clear lack of connection between information and action. Learning alone will not do the interventions to reduce screen use and change sleeping habits are required to ensure enhanced school performance.
Nuclear and genome dynamics underlying DNA double-strand break repair
<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> extracellular vesicles suppress IFNε-mediated responses driven by its intracellular bacterial symbiont <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i>
Trichomonas vaginalis is a common, extracellular, sexually transmitted parasite which is often found in symbiosis with the intracellular bacterium Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), an opportunistic pathogen of the female reproductive tract. How this symbiosis affects infection outcomes and the host cell innate immune response is poorly understood. Here, we show that infection with T. vaginalis in symbiosis with M. hominis or M. hominis alone triggers a noncanonical type I interferon, interferon-epsilon (IFNε), but infection with T. vaginalis alone does not. We also demonstrate that extracellular vesicles (TvEVs) produced by the parasite downregulate host cell IFNε, counteracting this symbiont-driven response and elevating infection. We further demonstrate that IFNε, a hormonally regulated cytokine produced in the human reproductive system, is protective against T. vaginalis cytoadherence and cytolysis of host cells. These studies provide insight into how a parasite and its bacterial symbiont work in concert to regulate host cell innate immune responses to drive infection.
Child and adolescent psychiatry consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract This study aimed to identify the biopsychosocial stressors influencing child and adolescent mental health during periods when facetoface education was suspended and to evaluate the psychological sequelae of school closures and related restrictions. We conducted a retrospective observational study at Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, a tertiary care center in İstanbul, reviewing all patients referred to the child and adolescent consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) unit between March 2020 and March 2022. We assessed associations between psychiatric diagnoses and health-related stressors, school closure status, age, and sex using both frequentist and Bayesian methods. During the study period, 264,013 pediatric admissions were recorded, of whom 270 (0.10%) required psychiatric consultation. The proportions of suicide attempts and anxiety diagnoses did not differ between periods of open and closed schools (BF10 = 0.21 and 0.138, respectively; moderate evidence for the null). Multivariate analysis showed that the odds of suicide attempts were higher in patients exposed to family or schoolrelated stressors (OR = 6.63, 95% CI 2.72–16.19), in females (OR = 8.10, 95% CI 4.16–15.77), and with increasing age (OR = 1.32 per year, 95% CI 1.16–1.50). Female sex (OR = 4.17, 95% CI 2.03–8.55) and older age (OR = 1.30 per year, 95% CI 1.12–1.50) were also associated with depression. Anxiety was more likely in those facing isolation or healthrelated stressors (OR = 3.91, 95% CI 1.66–9.22). These findings highlight the differential impact of stressor type on internalizing symptoms and may inform resource allocation and crisisresponse planning in child mental health services.