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Bentonite nanoclay and spray techniques as a nano pico technology (NPT) for enhancing mortar in heritage and historical buildings
Windows of susceptibility to neonatal acute kidney injury and nephron loss in a rabbit model
Association of lipid accumulation product with mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus
Age-related decline in retinal function in marmosets
Overview of genetic variants in a cohort of Iranian patients with leukodystrophy
Mitochondrial haplogroup A2 is associated with increased COVID-19 mortality in an admixed Brazilian population
Birds combined calls more than 11 million years ago
Abstract Multiple members of the tit and chickadee (= Parid) family combine two classes of calls, F and D, in a rigid order FD. In Japanese tits, FD has been argued on the basis of multiple experiments to involve syntax and non-trivial compositionality. How ancient are these call combinations? We show that FD combinations (as well as individual F and D calls) are present in nearly all Parid species, and almost absent in their closest relatives, the Remizidae and Stenostiridae. Using phylogenetic tools and ancestral reconstruction methods, we infer that FD combinations very likely emerged between 11 and 26 million years ago in the eastern Himalayas. This result contributes to evolutionary animal linguistics using a comparative phylogenetic approach to reconstruct the evolution of call combinations.
Predicting car accident severity in Northwest Ethiopia: a machine learning approach leveraging driver, environmental, and road conditions
A large language model for multimodal identification of crop diseases and pests
PLAA/UFD-3 regulates P-bodies through its intrinsic disordered domain
Regulation of proteome homeostasis is crucial for the survival and adaptation to changing environments for all species. In eukaryotes, this process is finely tuned through regulation at the level of transcription, translation, protein modification, and protein degradation. The phospholipase A2 activating protein (PLAA) is present in all eukaryotes and believed to be a key player in ubiquitin-dependent protein sorting and degradation via its interactions with ubiquitin and/or the AAA+ ATPase, valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97). PLAA’s molecular targets and interaction network remain unclear. We used Caenorhabditis elegans and unbiased proteome-scale approaches to investigate neuronal specific interactors of the C. elegans PLAA ortholog UFD-3 (ubiquitin fusion degradation 3), its effect on ubiquitinated proteins, and global protein expression changes in an ufd-3 mutant. We found that PLAA may play a unique role in cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) processing bodies (P-bodies). Using biochemical analysis in vitro and fluorescence imaging in C. elegans , we show that UFD-3 directly interacts with the mRNA decapping complex regulatory subunit DCAP-1. UFD-3's intrinsic disordered region (IDR), which contains conserved amino acid motifs, is important for the recruitment of DCAP-1 to P-bodies. Finally, we show that loss of the IDR does not affect UFD-3's role in sorting ubiquitinated proteins through the multivesicular body pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that UFD-3's role in P-bodies is distinct from its role in the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation pathway and the IDR is only critical for UFD-3-regulated P-bodies pathways. Thus, PLAA/UFD-3 might regulate the proteome via two distinct pathways: ubiquitinated protein turnover, as well as mRNA regulation through P-bodies.
Understanding deinstitutionalization policies for older adults through sarcopenia and the place of aging in Spain
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system optimization of natural rubber latex modified concrete’s mechanical Properties
Subglottic imaging puncture scope (SIPS) for minimally invasive endoscopy
Impact of prenatal Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure on pubertal development in female offspring rats: A focus on ERα-Mediated IGF-1/NKB crosstalk in the hypothalamus
Measurement of the Poisson expansion effect on crack openings in self-sensing concrete
Abstract Concrete infrastructure tends to degrade with extended service life, but detecting deterioration with conventional inspection methods can be challenging. Existing approaches such as developing self-sensing concrete by adding electrically conductive fillers to the cement matrix often suffer from high costs and complex manufacturing processes for casting the concrete from fresh. This study looks beyond the commonly discussed resistance-based and capacitance-based self-sensing mechanisms in the elastic deformation regime of the concrete and investigates the changes in electrical conductivity due to micro-crack opening through Poisson expansion by utilising the measurement technique of drilling the concrete to insert conductive epoxy for electrode embedment to achieve intrinsic self-sensing on as-built regular concrete (i.e. without conductive fillers). Experimental results on existing plain concrete samples showed a good correlation between the compressive load and the fractional change in resistivity (FCR). Finite element analysis (FEA) was then used to further investigate the effect of changes in conductivity in the direction of loading and orthogonal directions on the measured electrical behaviour of the concrete. Results showed that the correlation between the FCR and the compressive load depends on the relationship between the load-parallel and -orthogonal gauge factors. Beyond a threshold level, the electrical signal picked up by the electrodes reflects the material’s behaviour in the direction orthogonal to the loading direction due to Poisson expansion. Further numerical simulation has suggested that to achieve a stable measurement, the electrodes’ penetration should equal the spacing.
Polarization filtering with isomaterial multifocal metalenses at ultraviolet frequencies
Deep learning model for hair artifact removal and Mpox skin lesion analysis and detection
Solitary waves, bifurcation, chaos, sensitivity, and multistability of electrical transmission line model
The effects of social media criticism against public health institutions on trust, emotions, and social media engagement
In recent years, trust in US public health and science institutions has faced unprecedented declines, particularly among Republicans/conservatives. To what extent might institutional criticism on social media be responsible for such politically polarized declines in institutional trust? Two online survey experiments (total N = 6,800), using samples roughly reflective of the US adult population, examined the effects of key types of criticism against the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The results suggest that just a single exposure to any of the key types of criticism was sufficient to undermine institutional trust. While an institutional rebuttal was partially able to reverse these effects, residual declines in trust were substantial enough to cause decreased intentions to adhere to the AHRQ/CDC health recommendation featured in the experiments. While institutions should, therefore, be concerned about all types of social media criticism, those featuring morally charged trust-undermining narratives attacking the integrity of the AHRQ/CDC generated dramatically more anger (i.e., moral outrage), which in turn attracted social media engagement preferences likely to promote viral spread and exacerbate preexisting institutional politicization and issue polarization. These results suggest that efforts to bolster institutional trust should pay special attention to criticisms featuring integrity-based trust-undermining narratives.