Browse Articles

Sublethal effects of matrine and neemarin on the demography of Habrobracon hebetor developing on treated Helicoverpa armigera larvae

Redundant prefrontal hemispheres adapt storage strategy to working memory demands

Abstract The prefrontal hemispheres must coordinate dynamically to maintain a unified representation of visual space. Recently, two opposing theories using distinct storage strategies have been proposed: A high-capacity specialized architecture, where each hemisphere governs contralateral behavior, and a fail-safe redundant one, where both hemispheres jointly guide behavior across the visual space. Here, we analyzed simultaneous bilateral prefrontal cortex recordings from three male macaque monkeys performing a visuo-spatial working memory task. Both hemispheres equally predicted behavioral imprecision, decoding errors were weakly correlated between hemispheres, and serial dependence remained local within hemispheres, suggesting a redundant, weakly coupled organization. Attractor network simulations showed that redundancy improved precision when task demands were below memory capacity, while weak interhemispheric coupling increased capacity in more demanding tasks by allowing hemispheric specialization. These predicted patterns were validated in human and monkey data, reconciling previous findings and revealing a versatile interhemispheric architecture that adapts to varying cognitive demands.

Engineering application of a load-induced beam-type bearing model for deep water-bearing coal specimens

Alkyne Migratory Insertion Enabled Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Dearomatization of Unactivated Racemic Biaryls

Enzyme‐Guided Assembly Enables Precision Delivery of a Singlet Oxygen Battery for Membrane Lipid Peroxidation Therapy

ABSTRACT Lipid peroxidation (LPO) of tumor cell membranes is a pivotal executor of regulated cell death and a potent trigger for antitumor immunity. However, most LPO inducing strategies either depend on external irradiation and adequate oxygen supply or require broad disruption of the glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) antioxidant axis. As a result, their performance is often compromised by limited tissue penetration, heterogeneous tumor microenvironments, insufficient tumor selectivity with potential off target toxicity, and adaptive anti‐ferroptotic responses that blunt sustained LPO amplification. To address these challenges, we developed a precision enhanced singlet oxygen battery (SOB), termed GUIDE‐SOB. By integrating tumor‐specific recognition with enzyme guided, cell‐associated self‐assembly, GUIDE‐SOB achieves spatiotemporally confined oxidative therapy. This design anchors the oxidative source on the plasma membrane for more than 12 h and concentrates oxidative flux onto lipid rich membrane domains that are highly susceptible to peroxidation. Sustained membrane oxidation reduces reliance on light penetration and alleviates hypoxia associated limitations, while overcoming cellular repair mechanisms to produce robust tumor suppression. Overall, this work establishes a membrane‐targeted oxidative platform with prolonged activity, providing a promising strategy for treating deep‐seated and therapy‐resistant malignancies.

The role of AI in combating misinformation: leveraging text mining and social networking analysis

A longitudinal analysis of published clinical practice guidelines and their effect on disease burden

Structure-aware learnable multi-scale attention for retinal vessel analysis

B-type host stars revealed by exoplanets around massive secondary-clump giant stars

A five-year epidemiological analysis of diphtheria incidence and mortality in the Abyan Governorate, Yemen (2020–2024)

Cyclic P ₃ O ₉ ^3– Trimer: A Network Former for Amorphous Superionic Conductors in Sodium Solid‐State Batteries

ABSTRACT Achieving solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) that combine fast Na + conduction, high‐voltage stability, and deformability remains a formidable challenge for all‐solid‐state sodium‐ion batteries (ASSNIBs). Here, we introduce a cyclic trimetaphosphate anion (P 3 O 9 3– ) as a transformative network‐forming unit to construct a new family of amorphous oxyhalide SSEs via facile mechanochemical synthesis. The unique nine‐oxygen‐donor architecture of P 3 O 9 3– enables robust, three‐dimensional coordination with metal chlorides ( M Cl n , M = Zr, Ta, Hf, Nb, Al), forming a rigid yet disordered framework where isolated Cl – anions are strategically liberated. This distinctive structure enables a dynamic anion‑assisted transport mechanism: the P 3 O 9 3– ‑bridged network provides stable conduction channels, while the mobile Cl – anions dynamically assist Na + hopping by mitigating steric and electrostatic barriers, collectively achieving an ultralow activation energy of 0.33 eV. The optimized electrolyte exhibits a high room‐temperature ionic conductivity of 0.80 mS·cm −1 and a wide electrochemical window of 1.4–4.2 V. ASSNIBs assembled with a NaNi 0.33 Fe 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 cathode demonstrate stable cycling at 4.2 V, retaining 92% capacity after 300 cycles at 0.5C. This work pioneers the use of macrocyclic polyphosphates in SSEs, establishing a new design paradigm that simultaneously addresses ionic conductivity, stability, and interfacial compatibility.

Heteronuclear Rh‐La Dual‐Atom Sites Enable Pathway‐Controlled Hydrogen Production in Ethanol Steam Reforming

ABSTRACT Achieving kinetic matching among elementary steps is critical for optimizing catalytic performance in complex reactions, yet rationally designing active sites to regulate distinct step kinetics remains a challenge. In ethanol steam reforming (ESR), an important route for sustainable hydrogen production, intrinsic ineffective kinetic coupling of C–C cleavage and water activation often leads to side reactions and deactivation. Here, we designed heteronuclear Rh–La dual‐atom sites with complementary functions, where Rh governs C–C bond activation and carbon‐intermediate transformation, while La promotes water activation. These sites are constructed via electronic metal–support interactions (EMSIs), where isolated La atoms anchored on Al 2 O 3 electronically stabilize adjacent Rh atoms to form well‐defined Rh–La pairs. This electronic cooperation enhances water activation and redirects the water–gas shift reaction from a redox route to a lower‐barrier carboxylate‐mediated route. Consequently, downstream CO conversion is accelerated to match upstream CO generation from C‐C cleavage, enabling kinetic synchronization of key sequential steps. This leads to pathway‐controlled hydrogen production with the highest reported H 2 production rate (80.5 L g −1 h −1 ) to date and exceptional long‐term stability. Furthermore, this strategy can be extended to other metal combinations, including Pd–La, Pt–La, and Ir–La, suggesting a general approach for designing cooperative catalytic sites for complex multistep reactions.

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of different geographical populations of Perca fluviatilis based on microsatellite markers

Transition-induced phase modification for scanning rate enhancement in a fast-wave V-band SIW leaky-wave antenna

Biomass carbon stocks and sequestration potential of remnant forests in the subtropical highlands of Ethiopia

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance metal tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under chromium and lead stress

Abstract In the current industrial scenario, chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) contamination poses a serious threat to agricultural ecosystems due to their toxic effects on plant growth and productivity. However, limited studies have explored the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in alleviating combined Cr and Pb stress in rice. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential of Pseudomonas putida , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , and Pseudomonas fluorescens in mitigating metal-induced toxicity in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under different Cr and Pb levels [0 (without Cr and Pb stress), 100 and 200 mg kg⁻ 1 )]. The research outcomes indicated that elevated levels of Cr and Pb stress in the soil significantly ( P  ≤ 0.05) decreased plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange characteristics, while increasing oxidative stress biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Metal toxicity also altered antioxidant defense systems, sugar accumulation, proline metabolism, and the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle. However, the application of P. putida , B. amyloliquefaciens , and P. fluorescens significantly improved morphophysiological and biochemical attributes, enhanced antioxidant defense and related gene expression, reduced oxidative damage, and decreased Cr and Pb accumulation in plant tissues. Furthermore, PGPR application improved cellular fractionation and regulated stress-responsive metabolic pathways in O. sativa under metal-stressed conditions. Overall, the findings highlight the significant potential of these PGPR strains as sustainable biological agents for improving metal stress tolerance and physiological performance in O. sativa plants grown under Cr and Pb toxicity.

An automated long-term bridge deflection monitoring system based on subpixel laser spot localization

A probabilistic state assessment framework for damaged heavy-haul railway bridges using vehicle–bridge collaborative monitoring

Computational heat transfer analysis of solar based energy systems via employment of numerical calculations and finite volume scheme

Graph-augmented transformer networks and explainable AI for economic impact forecasting in disrupted supply chains