Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Minimizing interfacial energy losses via multifunctional cage-like diammonium molecules for efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Abstract Wide bandgap (WBG) perovskites hold tremendous potential for enabling efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. However, interfacial energy losses at the perovskite/electron selective contact interface remain a substantial obstacle in approaching its theoretical efficiency limit. Herein, for the first time, a multifunctional cage-like diammonium chloride molecule, featuring Lewis acid/base groups and strong molecular polarity, is designed to reduce film defects and modulate the interfacial dipole, thereby suppressing non-radiative recombination and optimizing surface band alignment. More importantly, the unique cage-like cation can induce the formation of a phase-pure quasi-2D perovskite with spontaneous in-plane orientation and exhibits a pronounced ferroelectric effect, facilitating carrier further apart and extraction by upshifting the surface work function. Consequently, we achieve 1.68 eV perovskite solar cells with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 22.6% (0.1 cm2) and 21.0% (1.21 cm2). Furthermore, two-terminal monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells based on tunnel oxide passivating contact yield an impressive PCE of 31.1% (1.0 cm2) and demonstrate a decent operational stability (ISOS-L-1, T85 > 1020 h in ambient conditions without encapsulation). The ferroelectric interface physics opens new possibilities for efficient and stable perovskite-based tandem photovoltaics.
Garcinone D mitigates amyloid β42-Induced neurotoxicity: unravelling mechanisms of neuroprotection
Analysis of hybrid fractional integro-differential equations with application to cholera dynamics
A histone-centric multi-omics study shows that increased H3K4 methylation sustains triple-negative breast cancer phenotypes
Effects of change of direction during high-intensity interval training on physical performance in young football players
Synergistic effects of pollen grains on several vital life parameters of Amblyseius swirskii when preying upon Tetranychus urticae
Molecular cartography of the human down syndrome and trisomic mouse brain
Particle matrix interfacial interaction effect on the viscoelastic properties of electrolyte iron particle based elastomer
An efficient data driven framework for intrusion detection in wireless sensor networks using deep learning
Munc13-1 restoration mitigates presynaptic pathology in spinal muscular atrophy
Abstract Degeneration of neuromuscular synapses is a key pathological feature of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), yet cellular mechanisms underlying synapse dysfunction remain elusive. Here, we show that pharmacological stimulation with Roscovitine triggers the assembly of Munc13-1 release sites that relies on its local translation. Our findings show that presynaptic mRNA levels and local synthesis of Munc13-1 are diminished in motoneurons from SMA mice and hiPSC-derived motoneurons from SMA patients. Replacement of the Munc13-1 3’UTR with that of Synaptophysin1 rescues Munc13-1 mRNA transport in SMA motoneurons and restores the nanoscale architecture of presynaptic Munc13-1 release sites. Restoration of Munc13-1 levels leads to functional synaptic recovery in cultured SMA motoneurons. Furthermore, SMA mice cross-bred with a conditional knock-in mouse expressing modified Munc13-1 with a heterologous 3’UTR display attenuated synapse and neurodegeneration and improved motor function. Identifying Munc13-1 as an SMA modifier underscores the potential of targeting synapses to mitigate neuromuscular dysfunction in SMA.
Mutual contextual relation-guided dynamic graph networks for cross-modal image-text retrieval
Sinusoidal regulation reduces circadian period variability
Abstract The rhythms transmitted from the circadian clock inevitably fluctuate because of molecular noise. The level of period fluctuations, observed not in the circadian clock, but in the output system that receives the transmitted rhythm, varies according to the organism and cell type, ranging from 0.5% to 10%. However, it remains unclear how the signal transduction involved in this transmission affects the fluctuations in the oscillation period of the output system. To address this, we investigated a coupled system consisting of a circadian clock and its output. We numerically and analytically demonstrated that the rhythmic regulation through which the clock controls downstream gene expression affects the level of fluctuations in the output system. Moreover, Gibbs sampling based on the analytically obtained fluctuation formula confirmed that the sine-wave-like regulatory functions effectively minimized the fluctuation of the output system. These theoretical insights provide new perspectives on signal transduction as a denoising mechanism embodied in the circadian system.
Aging: the wound that never starts healing
Abstract Aging is a complex biological process leading to functional decline and disease susceptibility. This article proposes that chronic activation of tissue damage response mechanisms drives aging, with aged organs exhibiting features similar to those seen after acute injury, such as histolysis, inflammation, immune cell infiltration, accumulation of lipid droplets, and induction of cellular senescence. The overlap between injury and aging phenotypes is supported by evidence that interventions slowing aging often impair healing, and vice versa. This perspective offers a unifying framework to understand aging and suggests new directions for treating age-related diseases, cancer, and the aging process.
Sex determination using image processing reveals elliptical features of the female pelvic inlet
Synergies and trade offs of ecological and social values across different biotopes in urban green spaces: a case study of Xi’an, China
Synthetic protein degradation circuits using programmable cleavage and ligation by Sortase A
Design and simulation of a low-energy atomic silicon quantum-dot circuit with potential in internet of things applications
Abstract This paper addresses critical issues such as leakage and heating in Internet of Things (IoT) circuits by exploring alternatives beyond CMOS technology. Atomic silicon dangling bond (ASDB) technology emerges as a promising substitute for executing nanoscale logic circuits, particularly for IoT applications requiring compactness, efficiency, and energy optimization. We propose a Hammer-shaped design for ASDB basic gates to enhance circuit stability and optimality, which is vital for the reliable operation of IoT systems. we demonstrate a new ASDB one-bit comparator circuit to highlight the practical application of the proposed design, which is crucial for real-time data processing in smart homes, industrial automation, health monitoring, connected vehicles, environmental sensors, and smart grids. By integrating high-performance comparator circuits, IoT networks gain improved accuracy and reduced latency, enabling advancements in energy management and wearable electronics. Simulation results highlight significant improvements, including a 33% enhancement in occurrence, 27.% in energy efficiency, 56% resistance to DB omission, and 51% in extra DB deposition.