Browse Articles

Leveraging multimodal large language model for multimodal sequential recommendation

A single-blind active-control randomized controlled trial of group-based social competence intervention

Phenotype augmentation using generative AI for isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation prediction in glioma

Evaluation of how laser photostimulation at two wavelengths alters the antimicrobial potential of Streptomycetes spp

Metabolic profile changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis detected using mass spectrometry

Residual strength of granitic rocks: interplay between GSI and confining pressure

Abstract Residual strength is an important factor in rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering, referring to the remaining strength of rocks following considerable deformation or damage. This study investigates the post-failure behavior of granitic rock samples from Bátaapáti, Hungary, using multiple failure triaxial testing and residual strength models. Experimental results show that residual strength is significantly influenced by confining pressure, with values increasing as confinement rises. Key models, including the Hoek-Brown failure criterion, Geological Strength Index (GSI), Residual Strength Index (RSI), and Cohesion-Loss approaches, were evaluated for their ability to predict residual strength. Nonlinear regression of deviator stress versus confining pressure was found. Using this nonlinear model, the relationship between the residual GSI and the confining pressure could be determined. It was carried out that the increasing the confining pressure the residual GSI logarithmically increased. It means, the residual GSI is not a material constant.

Comprehensive in vitro and whole-genome characterization of probiotic properties in Pediococcus acidilactici P10 isolated from Iranian broiler chicken

Microbial signature of groundwater mixing in geothermal areas: insights from the Cimino-Vico volcanic system (central Italy)

Proactive care architecture for care robots

A coordinated cellular network regulates tolerance to food

Inspiratory muscle warm up improves 400 m performance in elite male runners

Abstract This study sought to establish an optimal inspiratory warm-up (IWU) protocol for elite 400-meter athletes. It addresses the existing gap in sprint-specific research and provides practical applications for coaches and athletes aiming to optimize sprint running performance. Across four weeks, 13 elite male runners (age: 22.7 ± 2, personal best: 50.78 ± 0.65 s) performed four 400-meter time trials after different warm-up protocols in a randomized order. Assessments of various respiratory variables [maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR), inhaled volume (IV)] and selected physiological indices [heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (bLa)] were performed before and after the time trials. Analysis of variance with a significance level of p < 0.05 was applied. Incorporating IWU into a standard running warm-up resulted in a ~ 0.38-second faster 400-meter time trial in elite male sprinters (p < 0.001). The most effective IWU protocols, associated with the fastest run splits, consist of two sets of 30 dynamic inspiratory maneuvers performed with pressure threshold loading at 40% or 60% of MIP resistance. These protocols exhibited a positive influence on selected respiratory indices and significantly lowered post-run lactate concentrations compared to the athletic warm-up and sham protocol. IWU with 40% MIP resistance was associated with lower post-run HR compared to other protocols. IWU using pressure threshold loading at either 40% or 60% of MIP can be beneficial for elite male sprinters. While 40% MIP appears to support faster recovery, a higher intensity at 60% MIP shows greater effectiveness in enhancing 400-meter sprint performance. Future research should explore IWU applications across broader populations and conditions, including female athletes, various hypoxic environments, and temperature variations.

Sex-based differences in cell migration on aligned topographies

Integrated bulk and single cell sequencing with experimental validation identifies type 2 diabetes biomarkers

Clinical diagnostic value of serum Trim24 in patients with atherosclerosis

Identification and validation of hub genes related to neutrophil extracellular traps-mediated cell damage and immune recruitment during abdominal aortic aneurysm

Paclobutrazol and sucrose boost tuber size and survival rate of micro propagated Zantedeschia spp

Laser induced white emission and photocurrent of GaN nanoceramics

Abstract The measurements of the optical properties of GaN nanoceramics are reported. In particular, the laser induced white emission (LIWE) and photocurrent (LIPC) were investigated. LIWE and LIPC was measured in closed cycles: forward, with increasing excitation power density, and backward, with decreasing excitation power density, with hysteresis occurring. The photoconductivity of the obtained nanoceramics was measured at different voltage biases, demonstrating a decrease in initial resistance with applied voltage until saturation was reached, after which no further change occurred at higher voltages. The phenomena are related to charge carrier (electrons) generation via cascade multiphoton ionization and exhibit excitation threshold dependence and non-linear behavior. Simultaneous measurements strongly highlight the connection between both processes. The occurrence of hysteresis suggests potential applications in artificial lighting and/or optical memory devices.

Effects of bariatric surgery upon the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in obese humans

Abstract Human obesity is a state of hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). It is unclear whether weight loss will normalize this apparent dysfunction and if potential changes are of short -or long-term duration. In this study, we test how weight reduction following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery affects the HPA-axis and SNS activity for a follow-up period of 2 years. We show that a ≈ 30% reduction in bodyweight following RYGB, is accompanied by an increase in circulating cortisol, and decrease in the concentrations of systemic metanephrines concomitant with a transient reduction in systolic blood pressure, and that the endocrine changes persist for at least 24 months post-surgery. The decrease in SNS activity was weakly, but significantly correlated with postoperative improvements in HbA1c. These findings suggests that the anatomical rearrangement of the gastrointestinal system by bariatric surgery, and the resulting marked decrease in body weight, have long-term impact on the autonomic nervous system. The biological significance of these findings is uncertain though it could be speculated that chronically elevated serum cortisol, may be involved in the development of osteoporosis, a well-known risk of bariatric surgery, as well as control of glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the chronic reduction in metanephrines observed, suggest that SNS depression may contribute to both a reduction in blood pressure and better glycemic control following surgery. We collectively demonstrate that RYGB surgery has an early and persisting impact on the HPA-axis and the sympathetic nervous system, and that this is associated with bodyweight reduction and improved glycemic control.

Coherent spectroscopy with a single antiproton spin

Inhibition of human N myristoyltransferase 1 as a strategy to suppress cancer progression driven by myristoylation