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A comparative analysis of Fagonia indica extracts and green synthesized nanoparticles for the determination of antioxidant potential
Acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous training on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in hypertension: A crossover trial
Is there a ‘smoking gun’ test for quantum gravity?
The chain mediating role of interest and physical activity level in the PE teacher autonomy support to primary students’ physical and mental health
Cryogenic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for battery interfaces
Hydrostatic pressure wheel in water distribution systems
Abstract This study presents a transformative advancement in water-energy nexus management by developing a hydrostatic pressure wheel (HPW) system that simultaneously optimizes water level regulation and hydropower generation in open-channel irrigation systems (OCISs)—a dual functionality not achieved by existing technologies. While conventional waterwheels focus solely on energy production, our HPW design leverages hydrostatic pressure dominance to provide precise hydraulic control while extracting renewable energy, addressing two critical needs in irrigation infrastructure with a single integrated solution. The research introduces key innovations beyond current literature: (1) a variable-speed HPW operation strategy that dynamically adjusts to flow conditions, achieving superior performance (45% efficiency, 3.5 kW power output) while maintaining water level deviations below 2.7%—a 40–50% improvement in control accuracy compared to fixed-speed systems and (2) the first coupled numerical framework integrating OCIS hydraulics with HPW dynamics and multi-objective optimization (NSGA-II) to resolve the inherent trade-off between energy maximization and hydraulic stability. The results revealed that variable-speed operation considerably outperforms conventional fixed-speed designs in both energy yield and regulation precision with respectively up to 25% and 60% improvement. These advancements establish HPWs as a new class of smart hydraulic structures that convert traditionally wasteful energy dissipation into renewable power generation while enhancing irrigation management—a capability absent in all prior waterwheel applications documented in literature.
Distinct mortality patterns and sudden cardiac death mechanisms in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction
Abstract Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of mortality in heart failure (HF), yet its incidence, mechanisms, and predictors in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remain poorly characterized. We conducted a prospective study of 2331 patients hospitalized for decompensated HF, stratifying them into HFpEF (n = 754), HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF, n = 369), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, n = 1208). Over a median 25-month follow-up, 298 patients (12.8%) experienced SCD. HFpEF patients had the lowest SCD incidence (5.9%) compared to HFmrEF (13.8%) and HFrEF (16.7%) ( p < 0.01). Asystole predominated in HFpEF SCD cases (52.9%), whereas ventricular tachyarrhythmias dominated in HFmrEF and HFrEF. In multivariate competing risk analysis, NYHA class III (cause-specific hazard ratio [csHR] 2.04, 95% CI 1.20–3.45, p < 0.01; subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 1.56, 95% CI 1.16–1.96, p = 0.01) and prolonged QTc interval > 480 ms (csHR 1.63, 95% CI 1.03–2.55, p = 0.01; sHR 1.57, 95% CI 1.04–2.38, p = 0.03) independently predicted SCD in patients with HFpEF. These findings reveal distinct SCD patterns in HFpEF and underscore the need for phenotype-specific risk stratification and prevention strategies.
Observation of constructive interference at the edge of quantum ergodicity
Two sustainable chromatographic approaches for estimation of new combination of phenylephrine hydrochloride and doxylamine succinate in presence of doxylamine oxidative degradation product
Abstract A new drug combination of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE) and doxylamine succinate (DOX) has been introduced for treating allergic rhinitis. Stability testing is critical for uncovering degradation routes and assessing the stability of combined drugs. This study illustrates the application of two eco-friendly chromatographic techniques which are reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), for assessing PHE and DOX when DOX oxidative degradation product (DOX DEG) is present. Using liquid chromatography- mass spectroscopy to identify DOX DEG. The HPLC method produced the best separation with isocratic elution and a mobile phase consists of ethanol and 0.01 M phosphate buffer pH = 5.0 (30: 70, v/v), and it was pumped at 1.0 mL/min. The analytes were measured at 260.0 nm using diode array detector (DAD), and the Xterra C 18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 m) used as a stationary phase. The method demonstrated a linear response for DOX and PHE across a concentration range of 5.00 to 100.00 µg/mL. The range for DOX DEG was 5.00 to 30.00 µg/mL. The limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be 1.44 for DOX, 1.59 for PHE, and 0.84 µg/mL for DOX DEG. Correspondingly, the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 4.32, 4.77, and 2.52 µg/mL for DOX, PHE, and DOX DEG, respectively. The separation in HPTLC was accomplished by combining ethanol, methylene chloride, and ammonia 30% in ratio 7:2.5:0.5 (v/v/v) as a developing system. The drugs were then quantitatively determined at wavelengths of 260.0 nm using UV detector. The linearity range was 4.00–26.00 (µg/band) for DOX and PHE while it was 0.50–10.00 (µg/band) for DOX DEG. Values of LOD were 0.65 ,0.76 and 0.16 µg/band for PHE, DOX, DOX DEG, respectively. While1.95,2.28 and 0.48 µg/band were values of LOQ. Per ICH guidelines, two analytical methods were validated and proven to be reliable, reproducible, and selective. Additionally, sustainability assessments confirmed their green credentials and practical applicability.
Analysis of factors influencing polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age based on directed acyclic graphs
Structural basis for antibiotic resistance by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase type A in Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exemplifies high-level antibiotic resistance in this major human pathogen. Its resistance to chloramphenicol is majorly conferred by enzymatic inactivation via chloramphenicol acetyltransferases (CATs). This modification sterically blocks the antibiotic’s ribosomal binding and thus neutralizes its inhibitory potency. Although CATs have been structurally studied across diverse bacteria species, the structures of S. aureus CATs (saCATs) have remained uncharacterized. To address this gap and elucidate species-specific resistance mechanisms, we determined the first high-resolution crystal structure of saCAT1, the prototypical saCAT enzyme. Structural analysis delineates the active site architecture and reveals the molecular basis for substrate recognition of both chloramphenicol and fusidic acid (FA). Further enzymatic assays demonstrated that the K m value against chloramphenicol is 16.9 µM, and the K i value of the inhibitor FA is 83.7 µM, indicating that the inhibitory capacity of FA is relatively limited. These findings provide an essential structural framework for understanding chloramphenicol resistance in S. aureus and facilitate the rational design of novel antimicrobial strategies to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens.
What makes PhD students happy? Good supervision
Enhanced precision in intracerebral hemorrhage modeling via methodological improvements and outcomes
Direct application of non-thermal plasma technology for the elimination of biofilm from endoscope channels
Abstract Endoscopy procedures result in contamination of endoscope devices with potentially infectious organisms derived from the patient. Flexible endoscopes are complex, containing channels and ports that are difficult to clean and disinfect, further complicated by the presence of heat sensitive components, preventing use of high temperature sterilisation. Failure to effectively remove contamination from the internal channels and ports has the potential to result in microbial transmission between patients and subsequent outbreaks of infection. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is generated by supplying a neutral gas with a continuous source of energy, resulting in the generation of reactive species, charged particles, electrons and ultraviolet (UV) photons, that have been shown to exhibit an antimicrobial effect. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel low energy NTP treatment system coupled with a prototype endoscope plasma applicator for the removal of viable biofilm contamination from the internal lumen of surrogate endoscope channels in an in vitro endoscope biofilm model. The results demonstrated that NTP can completely eliminate biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from surrogate endoscope channels. Therefore, NTP treatment could provide an alternative decontamination technology for reprocessing endoscope devices, to eradicate biofilm and eliminate the risk of cross infection between patients.