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Publisher Correction: Anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific antibody with dual Fc domains mediates enhanced effector functions and durable depletion of memory B cells in vivo

Multi-lens ultrasound arrays enable large scale three-dimensional micro-vascularization characterization over whole organs

Abstract Mapping microcirculation at the whole-organ scale in 3D is crucial for understanding vascular pathologies and improving diagnostics. Although 3D ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) enables microscopic resolution by localizing intravenously injected microbubbles in small animal models, visualizing entire organs in large animals or humans remains challenging due to limited field of view, low sensitivity, and probe technological complexity. Here, we demonstrate how a multi-lens array method overcomes these limitations. Combined with 3D ULM, it maps and quantifies large vascular volumes (up to 120 × 100 × 82 mm³) at high spatial resolution (125–200 µm) with a volumetric acquisition rate of 312 Hz, using low-cost technology. This approach enables deeper insights into hemodynamics from large vessels to pre-capillary arterioles, by providing vast and rich datasets of whole-organ vascularization. It could also facilitate diagnosis of microcirculation disorders and monitoring of small-vessel disease treatments by addressing key limitations of current imaging modalities.

An intelligent sport training method based on EEG neurofeedback

Altered milk tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in women living with HIV

Abstract Children born to women living with HIV (WLWH) suffer increased morbidity and, in low-income settings, have two to three times the mortality of infants born to women without HIV. The basis for this increase remains elusive. In low-income settings, breastfeeding is recommended because health benefits outweigh the risk of transmission, especially when maternal antiretroviral therapy is provided. We profile the milk metabolome of 326 women with and without HIV sampled longitudinally for 18 months postpartum using global metabolomics. We identify perturbations in several metabolites, including tryptophan, dimethylarginine, and a recently discovered antiviral ribonucleotide, that are robustly associated with maternal HIV infection. Quantitative tryptophan and kynurenine levels in both milk and plasma reveal that these perturbations reflect systemic depletion of tryptophan and alterations in tryptophan catabolism in WLWH. Finally, we validate these signatures of maternal HIV infection in an independent cohort of healthier WLWH. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that milk tryptophan content and availability decrease among WLWH, which may indicate perturbations in milk tryptophan catabolism. The link between this perturbation and the increased morbidity and mortality of children born to WLWH merits further investigation.

Turkish freshwaters as a case of rising invasion risk of aquarium fishes under climate change

Three rate-determining protein roles in photosynthetic O2-evolution addressed by time-resolved experiments on genetically modified photosystems

Abstract Light-driven water splitting by plants, algae and cyanobacteria is pivotal for global bioenergetics and biomass formation. A manganese cluster bound to the photosystem II proteins catalyzes the complex reaction at high rate, but the rate-determining factors are insufficiently understood. Here we trace the oxygen-evolution transition by time-resolved polarography and infrared spectroscopy for cyanobacterial photosystems genetically modified at two strategic sites, complemented by computational chemistry. Our results highlight three rate-determining roles of the protein environment of the metal cluster: acceleration of proton-coupled electron transfer, acceleration of substrate-water insertion after O 2 -formation, and balancing of rate-determining enthalpic and entropic contributions. Whereas in general the substrate-water insertion step may be unresolvable in time-resolved experiments, here it likely becomes traceable because of deceleration by genetic modification. Our results may stimulate new time-resolved experiments on substrate-water insertion in photosynthesis, clarification of enthalpy-entropy compensation in enzyme catalysis, and knowledge-guided development of inorganic catalyst materials.

Synthesis, computational, biological activity and molecular docking study of Co2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ chelates of a new indolbenzohydrazone NO donor

Abstract A novel Schiff base namely, ( Z )-4-((3-cyano-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)amino)- N ′-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)benzohydrazide (H 2 BISH) (C1) and its corresponding metal acetate chelates; [Co 2 (HBISH)(CH 3 COO) 3 (H 2 O) 2 ]·H 2 O (C2), [Ni(HBISH)(CH 3 COO)]·2.5H 2 O (C3) and [Cu(HBISH)(CH 3 COO)(H 2 O)] (C4) were prepared and characterized using elemental and spectroscopic (IR, UV–vis., nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H& 13 C), electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR), mass and XRD measurements. IR spectral data revealed that H 2 BISH acts as monobasic in all metal complexes. The 1 HNMR chemical shifts of the ligand protons are relatively well reproduced at the HF/6-31G(d) level of theory. Ni 2+ complex (C1) adopted a tetrahedral structure while Co 2+ (C2) and Cu 2+ complexes assigned an octahedral one. The structure of C2 was further investigated by XRD technique orthorhombic C 30 Co 3 N 22 O 5 geometry with lattice constants a = 6.5688 Å, b = 31.7110 Å and c = 18.1864 Å and Cm c m space group. Kinetic parameters of thermal degradation of studied compounds were evaluated by Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger equations. Density function theory was utilized to draw the structures and evaluate the correlated parameters. All title compounds have small negative E g of order: C2 < C3 < C4 < C1 (H 2 BISH) revealing the ease of CT in turn the higher polarizability, increased reactivity and softness as well as the values lie in the range of semiconductor suggesting the possibility of utilization of present compounds in solar cells. The compounds were tested for antioxidant power (DPPH free radical scavenger assay) and bacterial inhibition against Bacillus cereus as Gram + ve and Escherichia coli as Gram − ve bacteria. A molecular docking mechanism between the ligand and its M 2+ chelating was evaluated against bacterial proteins and Breast cancer cells sites receptors to explain how these compounds attach the protein’s active sites. The findings showed promising binding.

Nanoscale soft interaction-engineered perovskite heterojunctions for highly efficient and reproducible solar cells

Improved genomic characterization of a clinically heterogeneous pediatric cohort with WGS vs. WES

Multi-cohort high-dimensional proteomics reveals early risk markers for lymphoid cancer subtypes

BiliBili, Douyin and Xiaohongshu as health information platforms for stroke: evaluating information quality and content

Theory of topological superconductivity and antiferromagnetic correlated insulators in twisted bilayer WSe2

Abstract Since the very recent discovery of unconventional superconductivity in twisted WSe 2 homobilayers at filling ν  = − 1, considerable interest has arisen in revealing its mechanism. In this paper, we developed a three-band tight-binding model with non-trivial band topology by direct Wannierization of the low-energy continuum model. Incorporating both onsite Hubbard repulsion and next-nearest-neighbor attraction, we then performed a mean-field analysis of the microscopic model and obtained a phase diagram qualitatively consistent with the experiment results. For zero or weak displacement field, the ground state is a Chern number C  = ± 2 topological superconductor in the Altland-Zirnbauer A-class (breaking time-reversal but preserving total S z symmetry) with inter-valley pairing dominant in $${d}_{xy}\pm i{d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}$$ d x y ± i d x 2 − y 2 –wave (mixing with a subdominant p x  ∓  i p y -wave) component. For a relatively strong displacement field, the ground state is a correlated insulator with the 120° antiferromagnetic order. Our results provide new insights into the nature of the twisted WSe 2 systems and suggest the need for further theoretical and experimental explorations.

Deep learning based optimal fish species identification to maximize production in fish ponds

Scalable transition metal dichalcogenide memtransistor arrays with Schottky-barrier control for energy-efficient artificial neural networks

International survey-based assessment of the reliability, validity, and interpretability of the TDN grade for neurosurgical adverse events

Benchmarking cell type and gene set annotation by large language models with AnnDictionary

Moderated mediation of technostress, TPACK, and growth mindset on competency in interdisciplinary teaching among STEM lecturers

A circadian morning complex modulates far-red light signaling in Arabidopsis

Mapping prescriptive beliefs on seventh generation stewardship and increasing the temporal scope of intergenerational concern

Denitrification is a community trait with partial pathways dominating across microbial genomes and biomes

Abstract Diverse microorganisms can execute one or more steps in denitrification, during which nitrate or nitrite is successively reduced into nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and ultimately dinitrogen. Many of the best-characterized denitrifiers are complete denitrifiers capable of executing all steps in the pathway, but their dominance in natural communities and what metabolic traits and environmental factors drive the global distribution of complete vs. partial denitrifiers are unclear. To address this, we conducted a comparative analysis of denitrification genes in 61,293 genomes, 3991 metagenomes, and 413 terrestrial and aquatic metatranscriptomes. We show that partial denitrifiers outnumber complete denitrifiers and the potential to initiate denitrification is more common than the potential to terminate it, particularly in nutrient rich environments. Our results further indicate that complete denitrifiers tend to be fast-growing organisms, favoring organic acid over sugar metabolism, and encoding the ability to oxidize and reduce a broader range of organic and inorganic compounds compared to partial denitrifiers. This suggests complete denitrifiers are metabolically flexible opportunists. Together, our results indicate an environmental footprint on the presence of denitrification genes which favors the genomic potential for partial over complete denitrification in most biomes and highlight that completion of the denitrification pathway is a community effort.