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Signs of immune dysregulation in second-trimester maternal blood RNA profiles in late-onset preeclampsia
Abstract Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder that affects 5% of pregnancies. It is characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. We investigated maternal second-trimester peripheral blood gene expression profiles to identify potential biomarkers for predicting late-onset PE. We found significant associations between PE and several inflammatory and immunological pathways, including the JAK-STAT signaling, leukocyte transendothelial migration, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and graft versus host disease (GVHD). Twelve candidate biomarkers were identified, with high predictive power (AUC 0.74–0.87) for late-onset PE. These biomarkers were also associated with various blood cell populations, particularly intermediate monocytes. Our study highlights the role of maternal immune dysregulation in PE and the potential of second-trimester blood RNA profiles in disease prediction.
Methylene blue treatment of fatal cerebral malaria and identification of potential blood biomarkers
High-performance parallel multi-scale attention network with explainable AI for intelligent diagnosis of leaf diseases in agricultural systems
Manganese oxide (MnOx) as peroxidase-mimicking nanozymes with valence-dependent activity for single-use colorimetric bioassays
Spatiotemporal patterns differentiate hippocampal sharp-wave ripples from interictal epileptiform discharges in mice and humans
Tunable structural, optical, and electrical performance of PEMA/PMMA–CoCl₂ composites for advanced optoelectronics and energy storage applications
Abstract This work investigates the effects of CoCl₂ doping on the structural, optical, and impedance characteristics of PEMA/PMMA blends for the advancement of sophisticated polymeric multifunctional materials. Composite films containing CoCl₂ were prepared using the solution-casting method and characterized by various analytical techniques. XRD and FTIR analysis revealed reduced crystallinity with significant interactions in the doped samples, SEM revealed a homogeneous morphology with slight porosity as a result of filler incorporation. UV–Vis spectra have demonstrated a systematic decrease of both direct and indirect band gaps, which evidences an effective tuning of the electronic structure via controlled doping. Electrical studies have demonstrated a significant increase of ionic conductivity at higher CoCl₂ content, which was further supported by impedance spectra that have revealed a lower bulk resistance and better charge transport. Conducing equivalent-circuit models further confirmed and quantified these improvements in conductivity. This is a dual-polymeric (PEMA/PMMA) matrix doped with CoCl₂, hence attaining the simultaneous control of structural order, optical properties, and ionic transport each rarely observable in convention polymer films. The optimized 5.0 wt.% composite exhibits an excellent balance between the conductivity and structural stability and, hence, is considered a promising candidate for tunable optoelectronic and energy storage applications.
Distributed activation energy kinetic modeling of combustion of bagasse char, rice straw char and rice husk char blends
Abstract Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass agro-residues in the bioenergy sector is an effective way to manage the rising energy needs and minimize the carbon footprint, while significantly reducing the solid waste. This study provides a pathway for the use of lignocellulosic biomass, the biochars derived from them, and their blends for bioenergy generation. This research work investigates the combustion characteristics and kinetics of biochars derived from sugarcane bagasse (BG), rice straw (RS) and rice husk (RH), and binary blends of biochars. The combustion performance was assessed using key parameters such as ignition temperature, peak temperature, burnout temperature and maximum combustion rate. The combustion experiments were conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the kinetics was studied using distributed activation energy model. Three pseudocomponents, viz., cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, were considered for biomass, while two pseudocomponents, viz., partially decomposed lignin and carbonaceous matter (char), were considered to model the combustion behaviour of biochars. The results signify that the combustion behaviour of biochars is similar to that of coal. During the combustion of individual biochars and their mixtures, the char decomposition exhibited the highest activation energy (247.6 kJ mol −1 ), while combustion of partially decomposed lignin had the lowest activation energy. Notably, the activation energy for combustion of partially decomposed lignin differed significantly among the biochars and their blends. This was maximum for biochar derived from BG (175.5 kJ mol −1 ) and minimum for biochar derived from RS (130.8 kJ mol −1 ). Importantly, the activation energy of combustion of biochar blends was described by using a binary mixture rule, without fitting any kinetic parameters. Burning time, heat release rate, fuel consumption and ash generation analysis demonstrate that biochars and their blends can be utilized in the existing thermal utilities, and blending biochars derived from different biomass feedstocks is shown to enhance the energy potential of the mixtures.
Calcitonin receptor downregulation and exercise-conditioned blood enable systemic muscle stem cell proliferation
Model fit vs. predictive reliability: a case study of the 1978 influenza outbreak
Complement proteins associated with circulatory and glomerular IgA-containing immune complexes in patients with IgA nephropathy
A virtual platform for automated hybrid organic-enzymatic synthesis planning
Role of Rychc gene diversity in the resistance of wild potato relative Solanum chacoense to potato virus Y
Evaluating the impact of air purifier intervention on particulate matter concentrations in a traditional Chinese medicine therapy room using multiple approaches
Highly efficient and long-acting split-and-mix proteolysis targeting chimera based on self-assembled polylactic acid
Cross-species identification of conserved cell-type specific mechanisms during early placenta development in ruminants
Interdecadal seismic periodicity modulated by solar and oceanic variability revealed from Chinese historical documents
Structural details of helix-mediated multimerization of the conserved region of TDP-43 C-terminal domain
Abstract Pathological inclusions of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of TAR DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) are neurodegenerative hallmarks in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia, yet CTD’s aggregation propensity complicates structural characterization of native TDP-43. Here we propose structural models for the physiological multimerization of TDP-43 CTD’s conserved region (CR) essential for TDP-43 RNA processing. Using NMR spectroscopy, we establish that the native state of TDP-43 CR at physiological conditions is α-helical. Hydrophobic residues drive CR helix-helix assembly, phase separation, and TDP-43 nuclear retention, while polar residues down regulate these processes. An integrative approach combining analytical ultracentrifugation, NMR-derived contacts, AlphaFold2-Multimer modeling, and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations together suggest that TDP-43 CR forms dynamic, multimeric helical assemblies stabilized by a methionine-rich core with specific contributions from a tryptophan/leucine pair. These structures show how ALS-associated mutations disrupt TDP-43 function and provide pharmacologically targetable structures to prevent its conversion into pathogenic β-sheet aggregates.