Browse Articles

A DMAP-enabled strategy for C(sp2)-Si coupling of halosilanes with organic halides

High connectivity and low differentiation of Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations in a setting with high seasonal migration

Abstract Seasonal movement of less-immune people from low- to high- transmission regions increase malaria risk and may introduce parasite strains to both areas. This study examined Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and connectivity between low-transmission highlands and endemic lowlands in Ethiopia to assess the contribution of seasonal agricultural migration in sustaining transmission. P. falciparum qPCR-positive dried blood spots collected from highland health facilities and lowland agricultural worksites were sequenced using multiplexed amplicon sequencing. Complexity of infection (COI) and infection pairwise relatedness were estimated and used for clustering analysis. Lowland populations (seasonal workers and residents) had higher COI and polyclonal infection rates (mean COI 2.62, 62%, n = 581) than highland residents (mean COI 2.00, 40%, n = 599). Similar expected heterozygosity (He ≈ 0.4) was observed, and P. falciparum infections from worksites showed high genetic connectivity between highland and lowland populations, with extensive parasite sharing, including 27 related clusters in highland cases and 10 in seasonal workers. Integrating parasite genomic data with epidemiological information revealed strong connectivity and low genetic differentiation between these regions linked by seasonal migration. These findings highlight how agricultural mobility likely drives parasite diversity and gene flow, implicating its role in sustaining malaria transmission.

Autism and ADHD traits, effortful control and mental health during the transition from elementary to junior high schools

GPR43 in eosinophils suppresses the emergence of pathogenic Siglec-Fhi neutrophils in allergic airway inflammation in mice

Analysis study on the change of orchard area in Alar reclamation in the past 30 years

Synthesis and applications of NPB derivatives as hole transport molecules for performance manipulation of fiber-based triboelectric nanogenerators

MOF-ChemUnity: Literature-Informed Large Language Models for Metal–Organic Framework Research

National-scale biogeography and function of river and stream bacterial biofilm communities

Abstract Biofilm-dwelling microorganisms coat the surfaces of stones in rivers and streams, forming diverse communities that are fundamental to biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functioning. Flowing water (lotic) ecosystems face mounting pressures from changes in land use, chemical pollution, and climate change. Despite their ecological importance, the taxonomic and functional diversity of river biofilms and their responses to environmental change are poorly understood at large spatial scales. We conducted a national-scale assessment of bacterial diversity and function using metagenomic sequencing from rivers and streams across England. We recovered 1,014 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 450 biofilms collected across England’s extensive river network. Substantial taxonomic novelty was identified, with ~20% of the MAGs representing novel genera. Here we show that biofilm communities, dominated by generalist bacteria, exhibit remarkable functional diversity and metabolic versatility, and likely play a significant role in nutrient cycling with the potential for contaminant transformation. Measured environmental drivers collectively explained an average of 71% of variation in the relative abundance of bacterial MAGs, with geology and land cover contributing most strongly. These findings highlight the importance of river biofilms and establish a foundation for future research on the roles of biofilms in ecosystem health and resilience to environmental change.

Disulfiram inhibits Gasdermin D pores formation and improves insulin-dependent glucose uptake and glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle of obesity-induced insulin-resistant mice

Comparing RSM-BBD and GEE models to optimize urban stormwater runoff treatment in dolomite-modified porous concrete

Very long-chain fatty acids drive 1-deoxySphingolipid toxicity

Abstract 1-Deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs) are atypical sphingolipids formed when serine palmitoyltransferase incorporates L-alanine instead of L-serine. Elevated 1-deoxySLs are associated with hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 and diabetic neuropathy, but the molecular basis of their toxicity remains unclear. Here we show that toxicity is mediated by very long-chain (VLC) 1-deoxy-dihydroceramides (1-deoxyDHCer), particularly nervonyl-1-deoxyDHCer (m18:0/24:1) and lignoceryl-1-deoxyDHCer (m18:0/24:0). Using a CRISPR interference screen, we identify ELOVL1 and CERS2 as essential enzymes driving the formation of these toxic species. Genetic modulation or pharmacological inhibition of ELOVL1 prevents VLC 1-deoxyDHCer accumulation, rescuing the toxicity in cellular and neuronal models. Mechanistic studies reveal that m18:0/24:1 disrupts mitochondrial integrity and induces the mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation and BAX activation, leading to cell death. These findings establish a direct link between 1-deoxySL chemical structure and cytotoxicity and highlight ELOVL1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy for 1-deoxySL-associated diseases.

pH-stimuli-responsive doxorubicin release and stability in chitosan–Eudragit nanocarriers

Durability assessment of the bonding performance between GFRP rebars and UPC in aquatic environments

Challenging the Bredt’s rule in an acid catalyzed cationic cyclization to get bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives

Integrating small mammal personality and population abundance into forest regeneration predictions for a managed, mixed species forest in Maine, USA

Using steel mesh as internal reinforcement in the concrete supports subjected to partially compressive load

Disrupted theta synchronization and synaptic connectivity in the visual cortex of Fmr1 KO mice

Comparative effects of respiratory stimulants in mechanically ventilated patients: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Enhancing stability in renewable energy transmission using multi-terminal HVDC systems with grid-forming controls for offshore and onshore wind integration

Acceleration, simplification and potential parallelization of digital polymers sequencing by coupling tandem mass spectrometry with ion mobility

Abstract Tailoring the structure of digital polymers is an efficient strategy for reliable reading of large amounts of data by tandem mass spectrometry. Notably, full sequence coverage of chains containing up to 33 bytes of information is achieved for block-truncated poly(phosphodiester)s designed to undergo controlled fragmentations. However, the previously established reading methodology based on multiple MS stages performed sequentially remains slow and not prone to automation. Here, we report a full gas-phase bottom-up workflow enabling production, separation and sequencing of all sub-sequences of block-truncated poly(phosphodiester)s in a single run. To do so, a multidimensional coupling involving two activation stages in tandem with ion mobility spectrometry has been optimized. Since blocks to be sequenced have their mobility varying in a predictable manner, proper selection of tags used for their identification permits to achieve mobility resolution prior to sequencing. Performing this coupling with MALDI further paves the way to automated imaging-based reading approaches.