Browse Articles

An improved YOLO11 UAV toy models target detection model

Low-resolution driver face recognition based on super-resolution and triplet loss

Optimized YOLOv8s framework with deformable convolution for underwater object detection

Acute radiotoxicity studies and safety assessment of 166Ho-EDTMP and 166Ho-DOTMP for the palliative treatment of bone metastases

Abstract Comprehensive studies on the acute toxicity and safety profiles of therapeutic doses of 166 Ho-EDTMP and 166 Ho-DOTMP in the bone tissue and bone marrow of animals are limited, particularly when 166 Ho produced in low-power reactors is used. These bone-specific complexes were synthesized through the coordination of 166 Ho 3+ ions in a neutral buffer. Acute toxicity studies were conducted at a dose of 1850 MBq/kg over 14 days, whereas safety assessments were performed at therapeutic doses of 18.5, 37, and 74 MBq/kg over 30 days in ICR mice. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological toxicities were evaluated. 166 Ho was obtained with high specific activities and radionuclide purity. These radiolabeled ligands were prepared with high radiochemical purity. No unexpected acute toxicity was observed. In the study groups, there were no significant signs of toxicity in the hematological, biochemical, or histopathological evaluations. However, a minimal reduction in osteocytes and osteoblasts in the bone marrow was noted. Notably, densely active hematopoiesis and progenitor clusters, including megakaryocytes, myeloblasts, and lymphoblasts, were observed in the bone marrow of the femurs and sternums. These findings provide valuable insights into the safety profiles of these radiolabeled ligands for bone and bone marrow, supporting further preclinical evaluations and domestic applications.

Enhancing object detection in remote sensing images with improved YOLOv8 model

TIR-domain-containing protein C as modulator of innate immune checkpoints

Abstract The TIR-domain-containing protein C (TcpC), a virulence factor of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073, binds to crucial components of the toll-like receptor-signaling cascade and the NLRP3 inflammasome thus manipulating these innate immune checkpoints and their immune responses. Here we show that TcpC intensified TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by human epithelial cells upon infection with CFT073. Furthermore, TcpC amplified immune responses of monocytic THP-1 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytes during infection. Interestingly, differentiation of monocytes to M0 macrophages reduced the influence of TcpC on innate immune responses. Similarly, polarization of monocytic THP-1 to M1 macrophages impaired partially the ability of TcpC to modulate cytokine secretion. Induced expression of TcpC revealed that increasing levels of TcpC induction augmented the stimulation of THP-1 cells during infection. In contrast, transfer of TcpC-containing culture supernatants from CFT073 to endotoxin plus ATP-stimulated monocytic THP-1 cells revealed the inhibitory function of TcpC. In summary, we show here that TcpC strengthens cytokine release during infection but dampens it during endotoxin-stimulation.

Construction of the prediction model and analysis of key winning factors in world women’s volleyball using gradient boosting decision tree

Correction: Green PEGylated-Sily@ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites for amelioration of ROS and DNA damage in rat liver

Novel polygenic risk score associates with diverticulitis in a multi-institutional, ancestrally diverse cohort

Abstract Diverticulitis is a common and morbid colorectal disease that recurs after an initial attack in up to 30% of patients. Elective surgery to remove the affected portion of the colon is an effective intervention to prevent disease recurrence, but appropriate patient selection is challenging given the limited ability to predict which patients are likely to recur, or the severity with which they may do so. Genetics influence diverticulitis and can be used for risk stratification, but this has only been studied in European ancestry populations. Using state-of-the-art techniques, we created a polygenic risk score that associates with diverticulitis prevalence and severity and is externally validated on meta-analysis in a diverse patient population across three different biobanks. This work represents the first published diverticulitis polygenic score to demonstrate utility in associating specifically with diverticulitis in non-European populations, and may provide the basis for clinical implementation in elective surgical decision-making.

A vaccine central in A(H5) influenza antigenic space confers broad immunity

Abstract Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses globally impact wild and domestic birds, and have caused severe infections in mammals, including humans, underscoring their pandemic potential 1–5 . The antigenic evolution of the A(H5) haemagglutinin (HA) poses challenges for pandemic preparedness and vaccine design 6 . Here the global antigenic evolution of the A(H5) HA was captured in a high-resolution antigenic map. The map was used to design immunogenic and antigenically central vaccine HA antigens, eliciting antibody responses that broadly cover the A(H5) antigenic space. In ferrets, a central antigen protected as well as homologous vaccines against heterologous infection with two antigenically distinct viruses. This work showcases the rational design of subtype-wide influenza A(H5) pre-pandemic vaccines and demonstrates the value of antigenic maps for the evaluation of vaccine-induced immune responses through antibody profiles.

Uncovering the glutamate carboxypeptidase II microenvironment using a multi-labeling proteomic approach

Abstract Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a membrane-bound metallopeptidase predominantly expressed in neural and prostatic tissues, with significantly elevated levels in prostate carcinoma that increase with tumor grade. Despite its significance as a target for imaging and therapy in prostate cancer, its physiological function in this tissue remains poorly understood. To help fill this knowledge gap, we developed an integrated approach combining proximity labeling technologies for proteomic profiling (horseradish peroxidase, µMap, and riboflavin tetraacetate labeling) with our previously established iBody platform, which targets GCPII with a small-molecule specific inhibitor with proven efficacy as a chemical probe. Proximity labeling proteomic experiments on U251 MG–GCPII cells were followed by mass spectrometry and statistical analysis of protein abundances obtained by label-free quantification. Additionally, selected identified proteins were further validated through Western blot analyses and GCPII pulldown assays using cell lysates. This work identifies a network of GCPII-associated proteins that are potentially involved in cancer metabolism, migration, invasiveness, progression, and immune evasion. Our novel proximity proteomics labeling strategy provides a low-background framework, efficient biotinylation, and enhanced target binding via the avidity effect. Among the approaches tested, riboflavin tetraacetate-based iBody labeling exhibited the highest precision, underscoring its potential for membrane protein interactome mapping.

Deep learning-based framework for time-dependent reliability analysis of a cable-stayed bridge with corroded PSC box girders under gravity loads

Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on the quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndromes — exploratory analysis of the EMSIACS trial

Robust low complexity multisurface super twisting sliding mode control for DFIG systems

dFlpTag, a RMCE-based tool for simultaneous endogenous protein tagging and cell labeling in Drosophila

Abstract Conditional protein tagging is a potent technique for elucidating protein expression patterns. The existing MiMIC and CRIMIC insertion collections in Drosophila genome offer a foundation for rapidly generating conditional protein tagging strains. In this study, we introduce dFlpTag, a new tool designed to create both constitutive and conditional protein tagging strains from MiMic or CRIMIC insertions. Moreover, dFlpTag enables co-labeling of the source cells of the protein of interest in a cell type-specific or sparse fashion. To demonstrate its utility, we generated strains for tagging the pre-synaptic protein Brp, the post-synaptic and polarity protein Dlg1, and the transmembrane protein Dpr12, thereby revealing their expression across multiple or a specific neuropil in the Drosophila central nervous system, individual synaptic boutons at the neuromuscular junction, and in large and small patches of epithelial cells within larval wing discs. We advocate for the straightforward application of this tool to tag thousands of genes that already possess MiMic or CRIMIC insertions within a coding intron.

Association of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio with distant metastasis and survival outcomes in breast cancer patients: a retrospective and prospective cohort study

The ability of anthropometric indices in detecting type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sudanese adults: a cross-sectional study

Elephant habituation to drones as a behavioural observation tool

Slipknot-gauged mechanical transmission and robotic operation

Spatial-temporal evolution analysis of cultural tourism industry coupling coordination in maritime silk road port cities: a multi-source remote sensing approach

Abstract This study investigates the spatial-temporal evolution patterns of cultural tourism industry coupling coordination in 15 strategically important Maritime Silk Road port cities from 2010 to 2020, employing an integrated multi-source remote sensing data approach. By combining Landsat 8/9, Sentinel-2, VIIRS nighttime light imagery, and Synthetic Aperture Radar data with socio-economic indicators, we developed a comprehensive coupling coordination measurement framework to quantify the interaction strength and coordination level between cultural and tourism sectors. The empirical analysis reveals significant spatial heterogeneity and temporal convergence trends, with three distinct development phases: initial coordination establishment (2010–2013), rapid improvement (2014–2017), and stabilization optimization (2018–2020). Singapore, Hong Kong, and Shanghai maintain the highest coupling coordination degrees (> 0.85), while emerging economies like Gwadar, Djibouti, and Mombasa exhibit rapid catch-up growth patterns with annual improvement rates exceeding 7%. Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicates strong positive clustering effects (Moran’s I: 0.321–0.456) and regional spillover mechanisms. Economic foundation, transportation accessibility, and policy environment emerge as key influencing factors, with economic development level demonstrating the strongest correlation with coordination improvement. The findings provide evidence-based foundations for targeted policy interventions promoting sustainable cultural tourism industry development across diverse geographical and economic contexts along the Maritime Silk Road.