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Activation of Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Reduced Ruthenium–Oxygen–Ruthenium Coordination

Pd ₂₄ Cu ₁₂ Cages with Open Tripalladium Nodes for Selective Hydrogenation

Molecular Motion and Connectivity Govern Mechanophore Activation in High- <i>T</i> _g Glassy Polymers

Interpenetration Control in Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks: Architectural Modulation and <i>cis</i> -Imine Configuration

Synthetic Method–Defect Correlations in Aldol Polycondensation: From Model Reactions to an <i>n</i> -Type Thiazolothioazole Copolymer

Spontaneous Intracellular Formation of Covalent Organic Frameworks via Enzyme-Initiated Cascade Reactions to Boost Cancer Radiotherapy

Mixed Nd ^4+/3+ and Cluster Magnetism in Hexagonal Perovskite 12R-Ba ₄ NdMn ₃ O _12−γ

Narrow-Bandgap Zero-Dimensional Chiral Hybrid Perovskites

Multiresponsive Isotropic Structural Color in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals

Unmasking DNA Resonances by Suppression of Hyperpolarized Water

Sulfilimines Are Azide Alternatives for Nitrene-Mediated Aromatic C-to-N Transmutation

Tuning Core Fluidity in Emulsion Nanoparticles for Stable and Transition-Metal-Free Responsive ¹⁹ F MRI Probes

Chemoselective Coordination–Insertion Polymerization of Cyclic Carbamates to Circular Polyurethanes with Diverse Architectures

Remarkable Effect of Electric Field Direction on Electrothermally Catalytic Selective Oxidation of (Meth)acrolein over a Heteropolyacid

Bis-hydroxylation of Homocitrulline Catalyzed by a Multinuclear Nonheme Iron Oxidative Enzyme during RiPP Biosynthesis

An approach of state-of-charge prediction for lithium-ion batteries using hybrid Pyraformer-LSTM learning network

Accurate prediction of the State of Charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries remains difficult under complex operating conditions. This difficulty arises from strong nonlinearity and long-term temporal dependency in battery data. In this study, we developed a hybrid prediction model that combines a pyramidal attention network with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The key innovation of this work lies in the integration of a pyramidal attention mechanism with a multi-scale sliding window design, enabling hierarchical extraction of temporal features ranging from local dynamic variations to long-term evolutionary trends. Specifically, the pyramidal attention module captures multi-granularity temporal dependencies through dynamic weighted fusion of features from different window scales (8, 16, and 32), while the LSTM network captures nonlinear dynamics and preserves long-term dependencies through gated temporal modeling. We evaluated the proposed method using battery datasets collected under multiple temperatures. We compared its performance with six representative SOC estimation methods. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves RMSE and MAE of 1.8554% and 1.3021% on the test set, significantly outperforming baselines, demonstrating high prediction accuracy and validating the effectiveness of multi-scale attention and recurrent structures in SOC prediction.

IL5 rs2069812 and IL13 rs1800925 Genetic variants as key determinants of clinically relevant asthma phenotypes

Type 2-high airway inflammation in adults with asthma is heavily driven by the cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. While genetic variations in these cytokines are known to influence asthma pathogenesis, their specific impacts on clinically relevant phenotypes remain to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the associations between inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms, clinical asthma phenotypes, inflammation cell subtypes, and lung function . A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 125 adults with asthma. Genotyping was performed for the following single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): IL33 (rs1342326, rs3939286), IL4 (rs2243250, rs2243248), IL5 rs2069812, and IL13 (rs20541, rs1800925). Clinical evaluations included lung function, blood eosinophils, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), Th2 cells, cytokine levels, and specific IgE. The IL4 rs2243248 TT genotype was associated with higher TNF-α ( p  = 0.038), while the IL13 rs1800925 polymorphism was associated with increased Th2 cell counts ( p  = 0.025). Notably, IL5 rs2069812 was strongly associated with blood eosinophilia ( p  &lt; 0.001) and reduced lung function. Linear regression revealed a significant gene-dose effect of IL-5 rs2069812 T allele, which correlated with an increase in log 10 eosinophils ( β  = 0.207, p  &lt; 0.001) and a decrease in post-bronchodilator FEV1% ( β  = −7.38, p  = 0.014). Furthermore, the IL5 rs2069812 and IL13 rs1800925 variants significantly increased the risk of blood eosinophilia (Prevalence Ratio [PR] = 2.59, p  &lt; 0.001) and fixed airflow obstruction (PR = 1.81, p  = 0.039), respectively. The IL5 rs2069812 and IL13 rs1800925 polymorphisms serve as key genetic determinants of persistent blood eosinophilia and fixed airflow obstruction, respectively. Both variants significantly contribute to the severity of airflow limitation in adult asthma, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for precision phenotyping.

The effects of adolescent social isolation and group housing on adolescent binge drinking in mice

Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by behavioral changes such as sensation seeking, impulsivity, and diminished self-control to inhibit behaviors, which can lead to increased risky behavior, including the initiation of binge drinking. Due to the necessity of peer-peer social interactions for proper development, social isolation can be particularly disruptive at this time, altering proper neural development and function and increasing risk for alcohol misuse. To investigate the effects of social context on ethanol drinking, we modulated the social environment of a mouse using single housing, neighbor cages, or group housing and evaluated ethanol drinking behavior in the intermittent 2-bottle choice and drinking in the dark models. Using neighbor cages versus social isolation, ethanol intake was largely unaffected by housing condition from adolescence into early adulthood. However, single housing increased adolescent ethanol intake using a drinking in the dark model in both sexes. Group housed mice with concurrent ethanol access drank significantly less than isolated animals. Manipulating the number of ethanol bottles per cage increased the volume of ethanol consumed, but did not affect the relative differences in intake between group and single housed mice. Adolescent binge drinking increased adult intake only in group housed mice. In sum, social isolation during adolescence increased ethanol intake while drinking with conspecifics decreased ethanol intake. Drinking in isolation tended to increase ethanol intake, suggesting the presence of a conspecific alters the motivation to drink ethanol.

Herpes simplex virus detection and genomes from under-sampled, remote populations

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an endemic pathogen, infecting over half of all adults world-wide. HSV infection can cause a wide spectrum of disease outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic infection or mild lesions to rare cases of infectious keratitis, encephalitis, and death. HSV genome sequences differ between individuals and within individuals. To date, the vast majority of publicly available HSV genomic data has come from Europe and North America. Populations in South America, Africa, and Asia are under-sampled, as are non-industrial (e.g., agricultural, pastoral) populations, for which the natural environment plays a large role in health and disease dynamics. We used Whatman FTA card stabilization of DNA to develop a procedure for capturing oral and genital swabs from a geographically isolated pastoralist population in a desert region of northern Namibia. This is the first study to document HSV genome sequences from this type of remote setting and these are the first HSV genomes from Namibia. The resulting HSV sequences, collected in 2015 and 2016 from remote settlements in Namibia, fit within the scope of viral genetic diversity previously defined by African strains. The methodological approaches developed in this study can be expanded to broaden viral detection, improve diagnostics, and raise public health awareness about the burden of pathogens in under-served populations.

Orientation of Gp96 and Calreticulin T-cell epitopes in a multiepitope HPV16 E7 vaccine construct affects predicted immunostimulatory properties: An in silico and expression validation study

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) can be used as adjuvants to develop therapeutic vaccines, as they enhance the cross-presentation of related tumor antigens and stimulate T cells. In this study, the immunostimulatory properties of gp96 and calreticulin was evaluated to enhance HPV16 E7-based vaccines effectiveness. In silico evaluation was performed to select epitopes from HSPs based on high binding affinity to MHC-I/II, strong immunogenicity, and population coverage. Six novel multiepitope constructs harboring conserved epitopes of E7, gp96, and calreticulin were designed in different orientations. Molecular docking was performed between these constructs and signaling (TLRs) and endocytic (CD14, CD91, LOX-1, and SREC-1) receptors. After determination of an effective construct in molecular docking and MD simulation, prokaryotic expression plasmid containing eight (CTL/HTL) epitopes from HPV16 E7, gp96, and calreticulin in suitable orientation was prepared, and the recombinant multiepitope peptide was generated in E. coli system. Our data showed that the gp96-CRT-E7 construct had superior docking scores with receptors (especially TLR2 and LOX-1), suggesting stronger stimulation of both innate and adaptive immunity than other constructs. It was predicted to be non-toxic, non-allergenic, antigenic, immunogenic, and structurally stable. Moreover, the multiepitope gp96-CRT-E7 fusion peptide was expressed in the Rosetta strain under conditions of OD 600 : 0.6–0.7, 0.5 mM IPTG, temperature of 18ºC, and 24 hours after IPTG induction, and purified through affinity chromatography under native conditions. Generally, successful results of in silico and expression validation of the multiepitope gp96-CRT-E7 fusion peptide showed its strong potential as a novel candidate for HPV16 vaccine development.